Ukwelashwa kwe-TBI kanye ne-PTSD
Ingabe ukudla okune-ketogenic kungaphatha ukulimala kobuchopho okuhambisana ne-comorbid traumatic (TBI) kanye ne-post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) ngesikhathi esisodwa?
Ukudla kwe-ketogenic kungaba ukwelashwa okusebenzayo kwabantu abaphethwe yi-TBI kanye ne-PTSD ngenxa yekhono layo lokuguqula izindlela ezicashile ezabiwe ze-pathology kuzo zombili iziyaluyalu. Izidlo ze-Ketogenic zinciphisa i-neuroinflammation kanye nokucindezeleka okwenziwe nge-oxidative, ibhalansi i-neurotransmitter hyperexcitability, ithuthukisa amandla obuchopho kanye ne-metabolism, futhi iphakamisa amazinga we-brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Izidlo ze-Ketogenic ziphinde zibe nemiphumela ye-neuroprotective enganciphisa amazinga okulimala okulandelanayo kwe-neurodegenerative abonwa kulabo abanokuphazamiseka okukodwa noma kokubili.
Okuqukethwe
Isingeniso
Kulokhu okuthunyelwe kwebhulogi, ngizobe ngibhekisela ngesihloko socwaningo oluthile.
Monsour, M., Ebedes, D., & Borlongan, CV (2022). Ukubuyekezwa kwe-pathology kanye nokwelashwa kwe-TBI ne-PTSD. I-Experimental Neurology, 114009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114009
Esihlokweni socwaningo, ababhali benze umsebenzi omuhle kakhulu wokukhombisa i-pathophysiology ecashile ehlanganyelwe esiyibona ebuchosheni babantu abane-TBI kanye/noma i-PTSD. Kuyi-athikili ehlaba umxhwele, futhi i-IMHO yenza ukubuyekezwa okuhle kakhulu kwezincwadi. Ukudumala kwami kwaqala lapho ngiqaphela ukuthi ngenkathi laba bacwaningi behlonza izifo eziwumsuka kanye nokwelashwa okuvamile kokubili okusetshenziswayo okwamanje kanye nokwelashwa okungenzeka kube khona esikhathini esizayo, ukudla kwe-ketogenic akuzange kufakwe.
Kwangimangaza kakhulu lokhu. Ngakho-ke uhlelo lwami ukubhala lokhu okuthunyelwe kwebhulogi kubhekise ngqo ocwaningweni lwabo olukhomba ama-pathologies angaphansi ku-TBI ne-PTSD futhi ngixoxe ngokuthi ukudla kwe-ketogenic kuthonya kanjani lezo zindlela ezifanayo ngenkathi ngidonsa ezincwadini zocwaningo ukuze ngenze udaba lwami.
Ngizobe sengikwabelana ngale bhulogi nababhali bocwaningo futhi ngibone ukuthi bacabangani.
Kungenzeka ukuthi ukudla kwe-ketogenic kwakungekho ku-radar yabo njengendlela yokwelapha okungenzeka. Noma mhlawumbe ayizange ihlangabezane nohlobo oluthile lwemibandela ababenayo yokufakwa kwayo. Kodwa laba bacwaningi babengenazo izithakazelo ezincintisanayo ezazingenza ngicabange ukuthi ngeke bafune ukwazi ngayo futhi bavuleleke ekucatshangelweni kwayo. Futhi mhlawumbe uma sixoxa ngalokho esikwaziyo, bayozimisela ukukucabangela encwadini yesikhathi esizayo ngesihloko.
Kodwa okokuqala, ake sikhulume ngalezi zinkinga ezimbili.
I-traumatic brain injury (TBI) kanye nokulimala kobuchopho kwangemva kokuhlukumezeka ekuxilongweni okubili okuhlukene okuvamise ukubonakala ndawonye emiphakathini ehlukahlukene kodwa kubonakala kwenzeka kanye nalabo abasebenza empini phesheya kwezilwandle, izisulu zodlame lwasekhaya, kanye nezingozi ezingokomzimba lapho kulimala ekhanda.
I-TBI ngokuvamile ichazwa njengokulimala kobuchopho ngenxa yamandla angaphandle futhi ingasukela kokuthambile kuye kokuqina. Izimpawu zingabandakanya ikhanda elibuhlungu, isiyezi, i-tinnitus, nezimpawu zokuqonda. Izimpawu zengqondo zingabandakanya izinguquko zenkulumo, ukugxilisa ingqondo, nokukhubazeka kwenkumbulo. Abantu abaye babhekana nokulimala okubi kakhulu kwe-TBI bangase babe nemihuzuko ebuchosheni (ukuqubuka), ukuvuvukala okungapheli, namanye ama-pathologies abonakalayo.
I-TBI ne-PTSD zifana kanjani?
Abantu abaningi abenze i-PTSD baye bahlukumezeka ngokomzimba okuholele ekulimaleni kwe-TBI. Nakuba lesi sixhumanisi sokuhlangana silungile ngokunembile futhi sifakazelwe ocwaningweni, ukufana akugcini lapho. Zombili zikhona nezikhalazo zombili ze-neurological and psychiatric, ezihlanganisa:
- ukukhathazeka
- ukucasuka
- ukuqwasha
- ukukhubazeka kokuqonda
Akumangazi ukuthi abantu abahlangabezana nemibandela yakho kokubili i-PTSD ne-TBI banemiphumela emibi kakhulu ngaphandle kokwelashwa okusebenzayo.
Zombili lezi zimo ziqhutshwa yizinqubo eziyisisekelo ze-neuroinflammation, ukucindezeleka okwenziwe nge-oxidative, ukungalingani kwe-excitotoxic neurotransmitter, futhi, akumangalisi, izinguquko ekwakhekeni kobuchopho.
Lezi zindlela eziyisisekelo azivele zenzeke kanye ngesikhathi sokulimala ngokomzimba noma ngokomzwelo bese ziyayeka. Lezi zindlela zingahloliwe zinomthelela ekugugeni kwe-neurodeergenerative, okubangela ukukhubazeka okuqhubekayo nezimpawu. Akuyona inkolelo-mbono engenangqondo ukuthi ukufana kwezimpawu ezibonakala phakathi kwazo zombili izimo kungenxa yokunqwabelana okuphawulekayo ezindleleni eziyisisekelo ze-pathology.
Esihlokweni socwaningo esikhonjwe ngenhla, ababhali baxoxa ngezinketho zokwelashwa zamanje zalezo zinkinga. Ezinye zalezo ezihambisana nengxabano yethu yizinqubo ze-stem cell exogenous, i-Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT), kanye nemithi. Ukudla kwe-ketogenic kufanele kufakwe kulesi sihloko ngababhali njengendlela yokwelapha ehlukile kokubili kwe-TBI ne-PTSD.
Kungani? Ngenxa yalezi zizathu ezilandelayo:
- Amaseli e-Stems ayahlasela. Izinqubo ezihlaselayo zinezingozi. Ama-stem cell awukungenelela kwezokwelapha okubiza kakhulu.
- Akuwona wonke umuntu one-PTSD ne-TBI okwazi ukufinyelela ku-HBOT ezibhedlela zamasosha noma onomshuwalense ozoyimboza, futhi bayahlupheka njengamanje!
- Ukube imithi ibilokhu iwusizo, besingeke sibe nabaningi kangaka abasahlupheka. Ukwakhiwa kwemithi emisha kuyabiza futhi kudla isikhathi. Futhi, abantu bayahlupheka njengamanje.
- Ukudla kwe-ketogenic sekuvele kubuyekeziwe ezincwadini zesayensi njengendlela yokwelapha engaba khona ye-TBI, futhi ucingo lwama-RCTs luqinisekisiwe ngokushicilelwa kwesilingo esisodwa seSigaba I.
- Ucwaningo lwezilwane lubonise ukuthi amagundane aveze ukuhlukumezeka abonisa i-cerebellar kanye ne-multi-system metabolic reprogramming. I-PTSD iqala ukuchayeka ekuhlukumezeni, futhi ukudla okune-ketogenic kuwukungenelela kwe-metabolic ebuchosheni.
- Ucwaningo lwezehlakalo olushicilelwe kanye nama-RCT akhona kubantu abathile besifo sengqondo lapho ukuguqulwa kwe-metabolic kubonakala njenge-pathology eyisisekelo (isb., Isifo i-Alzheimer's, i-ALS, i-bipolar disorder, ukuphazamiseka kokusetshenziswa kotshwala, kanye nengqondo), okubonisa imiphumela emihle yokwelashwa.
- Izidlo ze-Ketogenic zidinga izindleko eziphansi kakhulu zokungenelela kunemithi yokwelapha ye-stem cell noma i-HBOT, ngisho nemithi. Ukuphila konke kwemithi kuyithuba elibizayo ezinkampanini zomshwalense kanye neziguli ngokufanayo. Izidlo ze-Ketogenic zingasetshenziswa ekhaya yisiguli nomndeni waso futhi zingadinga kuphela ukusekelwa kwesikhathi esilinganiselwe esivela kusazi sokudla okunempilo noma olunye uhlobo lochwepheshe bokudla kwe-ketogenic.
Kulokhu okuthunyelwe kwebhulogi, sizoxoxa ngezindlela eziyisisekelo zokugula ezikhonjwe kulesi sihloko kubantu abahlushwa i-PTSD kanye/noma i-TBI. Ukusebenzisa izincwadi ezitholakalayo ngemiphumela yokudla kwe-ketogenic kulezo zindlela, sizokwenza icala lokuthi ukudla kwe-ketogenic kufanele kufakwe esihlokweni socwaningo.
Ngokuthumela lesi sihloko, sizozama ukusiza abantu abane-PTSD kanye/noma i-TBI ukuthi bafunde zonke izindlela abangazizwa bengcono ngazo.
I-Pathophysiology eyabiwe phakathi kwe-TBI ne-PTSD
Izimpawu ezigqagqene kanye ne-comorbidity ye-TBI ne-PTSD ingase ihlobane nokugqagqana okubalulekile kwe-pathophysiology engaphansi. Kokubili ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa kukhombisa ukuvuvukala kwe-neuroinflammation, ingcindezi ye-oxidative, i-excitotoxicity, nezinguquko zesakhiwo.
Monsour, M., Ebedes, D., & Borlongan, CV (2022). Ukubuyekezwa kwe-pathology kanye nokwelashwa kwe-TBI ne-PTSD. I-Experimental Neurology, 114009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114009
I-Neuroinflammation
Enye yezinto ezilimaza kakhulu ezenzeka ku-TBI i-neuroinflammation. Ukukhishwa kwama-cytokines ane-proinflammatory afana ne-IL-1, IL-12, TNF-α, ne-IFN-γ akhululwa umsebenzi wamasosha omzimba ebuchosheni. Amasosha omzimba asebenza ngokusabela ekuhlaselweni ngokomzimba (noma ngokomzwelo) okwenzekile. Lo msebenzi wandisa amaseli omzimba ebuchosheni abizwa nge-microglia. Bakha amazinga aphezulu kakhulu okuvuvukala futhi bakhuthaze imijikelezo ye-neuroinflammatory engapheli. Le mijikelezo ye-neuroinflammatory iholela ekulimaleni okwengeziwe kwamaseli nokufa kwe-neuronal. Njengoba ama-neurons alimala kakhulu futhi efa akhulula ama-neurotransmitters ajabulisayo njenge-glutamate, ebuye ikhuthaze ukungalingani kwe-neurotransmitter. Ukulimala kwesithiyo sobuchopho-gazi (BBB) kwenzeka ngenxa yokukhululwa okwengeziwe kwe-cytokine ngama-astrocyte. Lo monakalo kumgoqo wegazi-ubuchopho kwandisa i-neuronal immune system reactivity kanye nezinqubo zokuvuvukala. Ukuqhubekisela phambili indawo ene-neurotoxic engaphezulu kakhulu kokuhlukumezeka ngokomzimba noma ngokomzwelo kwangempela kwe-TBI kanye/noma i-PTSD.
I-PTSD inempendulo efanayo ye-neuroinflammation ku-TBI. Kokubili kubonisa ukukhuphuka kwama-cytokines ane-pro-inflammatory, kodwa ukukhululwa okukhulayo kuza ngemva kwesenzakalo esicindezelayo esikhundleni sokulimala kwengqondo ngokomzimba, njengoba kubonakala ku-TBI. Kokubili i-TBI ne-PTSD zingabonisa umsebenzi we-microglia ongapheli emashumini eminyaka kamuva, nokudala omunye umonakalo kuma-neuron sonke isikhathi ahlala esebenza.
Izidlo ze-Ketogenic ziyi-modulators ezinhle kakhulu ze-neuroinflammation. Kunomphumela ozinzile obhalwe phansi, ikakhulukazi ekusebenziseni kwawo isithuthwane esingazweli ekwelapheni. Kucatshangwa ukuthi ukudla kwe-ketogenic kuguqula i-neuroinflammation ngokusebenzisa izindlela eziningana ezihlukene, ezingabandakanya ukuguqulwa kwe-gut microbiome, ukuncipha kwamazinga kashukela egazini aqhubekisela phambili ukuvuvukala, kanye nemizimba ye-ketone yangempela ngokwayo.
Ama-ketones asebenza njenge-molecule ekhombisayo eshintsha ukubonakaliswa kofuzo okubandakanyeka ezindleleni ezingapheli zokuvuvukala. Ucwaningo oluningi luye lwabonisa ukuthi uhlobo olulodwa lwe-ketone, olwaziwa ngokuthi i-β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) lunemiphumela kuma-receptors athile alawula ukusebenza nokukhululwa kwama-cytokines ane-pro-inflammatory njenge-IL-1β ne-IL-18.
Le mizimba ye-ketone ibonakale inemiphumela enenzuzo kusithiyo segazi-nobuchopho (BBB) ukusebenza kanye nezinqubo zokulungisa. Kucatshangwa ukuthi lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yamandla athuthukisiwe kuma-astrocyte akwazi ukulungisa nokugcina umgoqo wegazi nobuchopho (BBB) futhi ngenxa yalokho anciphisa ama-molecule avuvukalayo angena evela ku-peripheral immune system. Lokhu kungase kube isici esibalulekile esinethuba elithuthukisiwe lokunciphisa impendulo engapheli ye-neuroinflammatory esiyibona ngemva kwe-TBI ne-PTSD.
Imiphumela ye-ketones yokulinganisa ukuvuvukala ikhonjisiwe ku-vitro kanye ne-vivo. Kungani lokhu kungeke kube isu lokuqala lokwelapha, eligqanyiswe emibhalweni yesayensi ukusiza ukwelapha isifo esicashile ku-TBI ne-PTSD, kungaphezu kwami ngokungananaziyo. Angikwazi nje ukuthola ukuthi kungani ingafakwanga kulokhu kubuyekezwa okuhle kakhulu ngababhali.
Kodwa ake siqhubeke nokubheka i-pathology eyisisekelo futhi sibone ukuthi yini enye indlela yokudla ye-ketogenic engayenzela abantu abane-TBI ne-PTSD.
Ukucindezeleka okwexubile
Lapho usuthole impendulo engapheli yokuzivikela komzimba ivuselelwe ebuchosheni ngakho konke lokho kusebenze kwe-microglial, wakha okuthile okubizwa ngokuthi i-oxidative stress. Ukucindezelwa kwe-oxidative kwenzeka lapho izimfuno zokulungiswa kwamaseli zingaphezu kwezinhlelo zakho ze-antioxidant zangaphakathi kanye nama-micronutrient angakusingatha. Ulwelwesi lwamangqamuzana luyayeka ukusebenza kahle, izitolo ze-micronutrient ziyaphela, namangqamuzana ayaphela amandla ngenxa yokuthi awanawo amandla anele okukhanda, ingasaphathwa eyokuvutha, nokusebenza kahle. Ziyafa, futhi ngokuvamile ziphazamisa ibhalansi ye-neurotransmitter eseduze kumaseli azizungezile lapho zihamba. Ingcindezi ye-oxidative iqhuba ukuguga kwe-neurocognitive ngokushesha kunalokho obekungenzeka.
Abantu abane-TBI kanye ne-PTSD bobabili banamazinga aphezulu okucindezeleka okwenziwe nge-oxidative. Futhi kunzima ukuxhumana nezinga lapho ukucindezeleka okwenziwe nge-oxidative kuphazamisa ukusebenza kobuchopho okuvamile. Kodwa ababhali benza umsebenzi omuhle kakhulu wokukwenza kucace esicaphunweni esilandelayo esivela esihlokweni.
Ku-TBI, i-PTSD, kanye
Monsour, M., Ebedes, D., & Borlongan, CV (2022). Ukubuyekezwa kwe-pathology kanye nokwelashwa kwe-TBI ne-PTSD. I-neurology yokuhlola, 114009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114009
isimo esihlanganisiwe, izinhlobo ezisebenzayo ziholela ekungeneni okwengeziwe kwe-BBB,
shintsha ipulasitiki ye-neuronal, ikhinyabeze ukuhanjiswa kwe-neurotransmission, nokushintsha
i-neuronal morphology kuma-veteran namamodeli ezilwane
Ngakho-ke ukudla kwe-ketogenic kufanele kunikeze amazinga aphezulu okucindezeleka okwenziwe nge-oxidative? Kakhulu, empeleni. Izidlo ze-Ketogenic, kanye nama-ketone lezo zidlo ezidala, phatha ukucindezeleka okwenziwe nge-oxidative ngezindlela eziningi. Okokuqala, bathuthukisa amandla eseli ukuze kulungiswe amangqamuzana nokugcinwa kahle. La mandla athuthukisiwe asiza futhi ukusebenza kweseli kangcono. Amandla weseli athuthukisiwe avela kuma-ketone avumela ulwelwesi lwamaseli ukuthi lusebenze kangcono, okusho ukuthi luyakwazi ukugcina imisoco edingekayo ukuze kusungulwe ama-cofactors abalulekile ekugcinweni kwamaseli kanye nokudalwa kwe-neurotransmitter. Ngakho-ke ekudleni kwe-ketogenic, sithuthukisa amandla nempilo yamangqamuzana ngendlela yokuthi kube nemiphumela ye-neuroprotective eqa izinga lokuxineka kwe-oxidative.
Enye into eyenziwa ama-ketones enomthelela ngokuqondile emazingeni okucindezeleka okwenziwe nge-oxidative ebuchosheni ukulawulwa kwama-antioxidants angapheli, njenge-glutathione. I-Glutathione iwumfucumfucu onamandla kakhulu wezinhlobo zomoya-mpilo osebenzayo, okuyi-quat ephuma esandleni lapho ubuchopho bugcwele ingcindezi ye-oxidative. Uma ubune-TBI kanye/noma i-PTSD, ubungeke yini ufune ukuthi i-endogenous yakho enamandla kakhulu yokulwa nokuvuvukala ilawuleke futhi isebenze ngokugcwele?
Le miphumela iphakamisa ngokuqinile ukuthi ama-ketones athuthukisa umzimba we-post-TBI we-cerebral ngokunikeza ezinye izingxenye ze-substrates nangezakhiwo ze-antioxidant, ukuvimbela ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-mitochondrial oxidative-mediated mitochondrial.
Greco, T., Glenn, TC, Hovda, DA, & Prins, ML (2016). Ukudla kwe-Ketogenic kunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative futhi kuthuthukisa umsebenzi oyinkimbinkimbi wokuphefumula we-mitochondrial. Ijenali yokugeleza kwegazi neCerebral & Metabolism, 36(9), i-1603-1613. https://doi.org/10.1177/0271678X15610584
Empeleni kukhona indikimba yocwaningo evele ihlaba umxhwele isebenzisa izidlo ze-ketogenic njengokwelashwa kwe-TBI. Ngakho-ke angiqondi ukuthi kungani ababhali, abenza impikiswano yokuthi kune-pathology ecashile okwabelwana ngayo, bangayisho njengendlela yokwelapha engaba khona kulabo abaphethwe isifo esisodwa noma zombili.
I-Excitotoxicity, i-neurotransmitter ukungalingani
Ngakho-ke yonke leyo neuroinflammation iqeda ikhono lokulungisa amaseli. Futhi lapho leyo bhalansi phakathi kokulungiswa nokulimala iphuma ekushayweni, unamazinga aphezulu okucindezeleka okwenziwe nge-oxidative. Futhi lawo mazinga aphezulu okucindezeleka okwenziwe nge-oxidative enza izinto ezimbalwa ezahlukene kuma-neurotransmitters. Ngakho-ke akumangazi ukuthi ku-TBI ne-PTSD, sibona ukujabula ezindaweni ze-cortical kanye ne-hippocampus zobuchopho okucatshangwa ukuthi kungenxa yokwanda kokukhiqizwa kwe-glutamate. Kufanele kube namanani anele e-neurotransmitter evimbelayo ebizwa nge-GABA okufanele igcine lolu hlelo lusesilinganisweni. Kodwa lapho indawo ubuchopho bakho obuzama kuyo ukwenza ama-neurotransmitters igcwele ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative nokuvuvukala, ayilingani lawa ma-neurotransmitters.
Kumamodeli ezilwane e-PTSD ne-TBI ehlanganisiwe, sibona izinguquko ekhonweni lobuchopho lokumodela lawa ma-neurotransmitters amabili. Kukhona i-glutamate eningi kakhulu futhi ayanele i-GABA ngamanani afanele noma ukuzipholela ezindaweni ezifanele. Lokhu kungalingani kwe-neurotransmitter kungakhinyabeza ukulawula ku-frontal cortex, okudingeka isebenze ukuze uhlele ukuziphatha, ulawule imizwelo, futhi wenze inqwaba yeminye imisebenzi yokuphatha ebalulekile esivame ukuyibona ingasebenzi kahle kubantu abane-TBI kanye/noma i-PTSD.
Ngakho futhi, ngiyaxakeka ukuthi kungani, uma kukhona ukuphazamiseka ohlelweni lwe-glutamate/GABA kulabo abane-TBI ne-PTSD, ababhali bebengeke bacule izinzuzo ezingaba khona zokudla kwe-ketogenic.
Imiphumela yokudla kwe-ketogenic ohlelweni lwe-glutamate/GABA ibhalwe kahle, futhi ezincwadini zesithuthwane esingazweli ekwelapheni. Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-neurotransmitter GABA okwenzeka ekudleni kwe-ketogenic kuye kwacatshangwa njengenye yezindlela eziyisisekelo zokunciphisa ukubamba kulesi sibalo.
Enye indlela ukudla kwe-ketogenic okuye kwabonakala ngayo ukuthuthukisa ibhalansi ye-neurotransmitter nokunciphisa i-hyperexcitability isemandleni ayo okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-neuronal membrane. Lokhu kunomthelela oqondile eziteshini ze-calcium ion, ukuthi zivutha kangaki nokuthi ziba mnandi kangakanani. Lokhu kuye kwachazwa njengendlela lapho ukudla kwe-ketogenic kusiza ukunciphisa imvamisa yokubanjwa kwabantu abanesifo sokuwa.
Ngakho futhi, ngokudla okune-ketogenic okunemiphumela ebhalwe kahle ekusebenzeni kwe-neurotransmitter kanye nomsebenzi we-neuronal membrane, angiqiniseki ukuthi kungani kungabhekiselwanga kukho noma kuxoxwe ngakho njengokwelashwa okungaba khona kwe-comorbid TBI kanye ne-PTSD.
I-Brain morphology
Kunoma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka okune-neuroinflammation engapheli, amazinga aphezulu okucindezeleka okwenziwe nge-oxidative, nokungalingani kwe-neurotransmitter, uzobona izinguquko zangempela ezakhiweni zomzimba zobuchopho. Ezinye izingxenye zizoba nkulu noma zibe zincane, kanti ezinye izingxenye zizoxhuma nezinye ngezindlela ezingavamile. Impilo yama-neurons akho iyisisekelo sokusebenza kwangempela kwazo zonke lezo zakhiwo. Kubantu abane-TBI, lezi zinguquko ze-morphological kanye nokuxhumana okuphazamisekile phakathi kwezakhiwo zobuchopho kungase kuqhutshwe ngaphezu kwalokho ukugunda kwe-axonal okwenzeke njengengxenye yokulimala.
Ngakho-ke akumangazi ukuthi ababhali baqhubeka bekhuluma ngezinguquko zobuchopho ezibonwa kulabo abaphethwe yi-TBI ne-PTSD. Abacwaningi bathole izinguquko ezinkulu ekwakhekeni kobuchopho kanye nokuxhumana kulabo abane-TBI ne-PTSD.
Okungajwayelekile kwenethiwekhi yokulawula ingqondo ye-fronto-cingulo-parietal, ebandakanyeka ekwazini, ekukhumbuleni, ekunakeni nasekuvinjweni kokucubungula ukwesaba kubalulekile ekuqondeni ukugula kwe-TBI ne-PTSD.
Monsour, M., Ebedes, D., & Borlongan, CV (2022). Ukubuyekezwa kwe-pathology kanye nokwelashwa kwe-TBI ne-PTSD. I-neurology yokuhlola, 114009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114009
Iziguli ezine-PTSD kanye ne-TBI zibonisa izinguquko ezifanayo ezakhiweni zobuchopho, futhi lokhu kucatshangwa ukuthi kunesandla ekwabelaneni kwezimpawu ngokusebenzisa isimo sokwesaba okungavamile, ukuhlukumezeka ngokomzwelo, kanye nokuvinjelwa kwe-prefrontal cortex metabolism.
Kukhona okungenani izindlela ezimbili zokwenza ekudleni kwe-ketogenic okungaba ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kwalezi zinkinga. Nakuba izindlela zangaphambili okuxoxwe ngazo zingase zithuthukise izimo ebuchosheni ukuze kuncishiswe amathuba noma ukuqina kwe-morphology yobuchopho yesikhathi eside ngokunciphisa ukuvuvukala nokucindezeleka okwenziwe nge-oxidative, kunezici ezengeziwe zokudla kwe-ketogenic ezingasiza ukubhekana ne-morphology yobuchopho engavamile kulokhu. inani labantu.
Okokuqala, ukudla kwe-ketogenic kungukungenelela kwe-metabolic. Sesivele siwasebenzisela ukuthuthukisa i-metabolism yobuchopho ku-prefrontal cortex, ikakhulukazi kulabo abanesifo i-Alzheimer's. Kungani singeke sisebenzise ukudla kwe-ketogenic ukuthuthukisa i-hypometabolism yobuchopho ku-prefrontal cortex yalabo abane-TBI ne-PTSD?
Ama-ketones ahlinzeka ngomthombo wamafutha otholakala kalula oshintshwa kalula bese uguqulwa ube amandla ngamaseli obuchopho. Uphethiloli ungena lapho, asikho isidingo sokubhekana nezithuthi eziphukile noma ezingahlelekile ezingase zibe isithiyo ebuchosheni nge-TBI ne-PTSD.
Ama-ketones alawula umzimba wobuchopho hhayi nje ngokunikeza omunye umthombo wamafutha kodwa ngokwandisa ngokoqobo inani nempilo ye-mitochondria. I-Mitochondria amabhethri amaseli akho. Uma ufuna amandla eseli engeziwe kanye nokusetshenziswa okungcono kwamandla eseli, udinga i-mitochondria enempilo eningi esebenzayo. Ukwenyuka kwenani nokusebenza kwe-mitochondria ye-TBI kanye nobuchopho be-PTSD ukungenelela okunamandla kwesakhiwo sobuchopho se-hypometabolism. Ukungabhekani ne-hypometabolism kuzoholela ekuncipheni kwe-lobe yangaphambili futhi kubangele ukuxhumana okungahlelekile kwezinye izakhiwo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Enye into eyenziwa ama-ketones engaba usizo ebuchosheni obugcwele ukuxhumana okunganele noma okungahlelekile ukukhulisa i-BDNF. I-BDNF imele i-brain-derived neurotrophic factor, futhi isiza ekwelapheni ubuchopho futhi isiza ekufundeni nasekukhumbuleni. Futhi idlala indima ebalulekile ekuxhumaneni kwe-synaptic. Udinga ukuxhuma kabusha ubuchopho bubuyele kokujwayelekile? Uzodinga i-BDNF. Okuningi kanye namandla amaningi engeziwe kunikezwa ukukhuphuka kwe-mitochondrial okubona ekudleni kwe-ketogenic.
Isiphetho
Ababhali bayavuma ukuthi nakuba iziguli eziningi ze-TBI/PTSD zithola ukwelashwa kokuhlunyeleliswa, ukunakekelwa okunjalo akwanele ukubhekana nezici eziqhubekayo ze-neurodegeneration ezifaka isandla ekubhebhethekeni kwesifo nokuqhubekela phambili kwezimpawu.
Baqhubeka esihlokweni ukuze baxoxe ngemithi ethembisayo efana ne-hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT), engiyithanda kakhulu, kanye nemithi yokwelapha ye-stem cell. Zombili lezi zindlela zokwelapha zingamangalisa kubantu abane-TBI ne-PTSD, futhi zibe nesisekelo esihle socwaningo sokusekelwa njengokwelashwa okusebenzayo. Nokho, ayabiza, futhi akuwona wonke umuntu onokufinyelela okwanele kulezi zindlela zokwelapha nakuba singazifuna.
Ngakho-ke kulabo abangafuni noma abangakwazi ukukhokhela inqubo ye-neuronal stem cell noma abangenakho ukufinyelela ku-oksijini ye-hyperbaric esibhedlela sabo sezempi sendawo, ngifuna wazi ukuthi indlela eyisisekelo yalezi zindlela zokwelapha ifinyeleleka ngokusebenzisa ukudla kwe-ketogenic. I-BHB, uhlobo lomzimba we-ketone okhiqizwa ekudleni kwe-ketogenic, ingalawula i-BDNF.
I-BHB ingaphinde ilawule ukubonakaliswa kwe-neurotrophic factor (BDNF) etholakala ebuchosheni futhi ngaleyo ndlela ingase ikhuthaze i-mitochondrial biogenesis, i-synaptic plasticity kanye nokumelana nokucindezeleka kwamaselula.
Mattson, MP, Moehl, K., Ghena, N., Schmaedick, M., & Cheng, A. (2018). Ukushintsha kwe-metabolic ngezikhathi ezithile, i-neuroplasticity kanye nempilo yobuchopho. Ukubuyekezwa kwemvelo. I-Neuroscience, 19(2), i-63-80. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn.2017.156
Lapho kusetshenziswa amangqamuzana e-neural stem ocwaningweni lwesifo i-Alzheimer's, i-BDNF ikhonjwa njengendlela enkulu eyenza ukuthuthuka okuhle. I-HBOT yaziwa nangokuthi inyusa amazinga e-BDNF ngokuphawulekayo futhi ingenye yezindlela okufinyelelwa ngazo ukuthuthukiswa kwe-TBI.
Ngakho-ke nakuba ngingangabazi ukuthi kokubili i-HBOT kanye nokwelashwa kwe-stem cell kungaba ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kwe-TBI kanye/noma i-PTSD, ngicabanga ukuthi kubalulekile ukuthi isihloko siphelele. Ikakhulukazi njengoba ukudla kwe-ketogenic kunezincwadi zocwaningo ezisekela njengokwelashwa kwezinqubo eziyisisekelo ababhali abahlonze njengezifana phakathi kwalezi zinkinga ezimbili. Futhi ngiyethemba ukuthi bazofaka ukudla kwe-ketogenic emsebenzini wabo wesikhathi esizayo noma babhale uhlobo oluthile lwesengezo oluzosiza ukwazisa odokotela nabacwaningi ngokudla kwe-ketogenic njengendlela yokwelapha engaba khona ye-TBI ne-PTSD.
Izidlo ze-Ketogenic ziyafinyeleleka futhi zisimeme ukungenelela okuhlukahlukene kwezinkinga zemizwa, kuhlanganise ne-TBI kanye ne-PTSD. Uma ufuna ukwazi ngezinqubo eziwumsuka zezinye iziyaluyalu, ungase ujabulele okuthunyelwe okuningana okutholakala ku I-Mental Health Keto Blog.
Uyakuthanda lokho okufunda kubhulogi? Ingabe ufuna ukufunda ngama-webinars azayo, izifundo, ngisho nokunikezwa kosekelo oluzungezile nokusebenza nami ekufezeni imigomo yakho yokuphila kahle? Bhalisela! Ungazikhipha ohlwini noma kunini.
Okubhekwayo
Ukubuyekezwa kwe-pathology kanye nokwelashwa kwe-TBI ne-PTSD - ScienceDirect. (nd). Ibuyiselwe ngoFebhuwari 15, 2022, kusukela https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0014488622000346
Achanta, LB, & Rae, CD (2017). I-β-Hydroxybutyrate ebuchosheni: I-Molecule eyodwa, Izindlela Eziningi. Ucwaningo lwe-Neurochemical, 42(1), i-35-49. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-016-2099-2
Arora, N., Litofsky, NS, Golzy, M., Aneja, R., Staudenmyer, D., Qualls, K., & Patil, S. (2022). Isivivinyo sesikhungo esisodwa seSigaba I sokudla kwe-ketogenic kubantu abadala abanokulimala kobuchopho okubuhlungu. I-Clinical Nutrition ESPEN, 47, 339-345. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.11.015
I-Arora, N., & Mehta, TR (2020). Indima yokudla kwe-ketogenic ezifweni ezinzima ze-neurological. I-Clinical Neurology ne-Neurosurgery, 192, 105727. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clineuro.2020.105727
Banjara, M., & Janigro, D. (nd). Imiphumela ye-Ketogenic Diet ku-Blood-Brain Barrier. Ku Ukudla kwe-Ketogenic kanye nokwelashwa kwe-Metabolic. I-Oxford University Press. Ibuyiselwe ngoJanuwari 8, 2022, kusukela https://oxfordmedicine.com/view/10.1093/med/9780190497996.001.0001/med-9780190497996-chapter-30
Blurton-Jones, M., Kitazawa, M., Martinez-Coria, H., Castello, NA, Müller, F.-J., Loring, JF, Yamasaki, TR, Poon, WW, Green, KN, & LaFerla, Ukhozi FM (2009). Amaseli we-Neural stem athuthukisa ukuqonda nge-BDNF kumodeli ye-transgenic yesifo i-Alzheimer. Izinqubo ze-National Academy of Sciences, 106(32), i-13594-13599. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0901402106
Dąbek, A., Wojtala, M., Pirola, L., & Balcerczyk, A. (2020). Ukuguqulwa kwe-Cellular Biochemistry, i-Epigenetics kanye ne-Metabolomics yi-Ketone Bodies. Imithelela ye-Ketogenic Diet ku-Physiology of the Organism and Pathological States. Amakhemikhali, 12(3), i-788. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12030788
Dahlin, M., Elfving, A., Ungerstedt, U., & Amark, P. (2005). Ukudla kwe-ketogenic kuthonya amazinga ama-amino acids ajabulisayo futhi avimbelayo ku-CSF ezinganeni ezinesithuthwane esiphikisayo. Ucwaningo Lwesithuthwane, 64(3), i-115-125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2005.03.008
Dilimulati, D., Zhang, F., Shao, S., Lv, T., Lu, Q., Cao, M., Jin, Y., Jia, F., & Zhang, X. (2022). I-Ketogenic Diet Modulates Neuroinflammation nge-Metabolites evela ku-Lactobacillus reuteri ngemva kokulimala okuphindaphindiwe kobuchopho obubuhlungu obuncane kumagundane asemusha. [Ukuphrinta kuqala]. Ekubuyekezweni. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1155536/v1
U-Dowis, K., & Banga, S. (2021). Izinzuzo Zezempilo Ezingaba Khona Zokudla Kwe-Ketogenic: Ukubuyekezwa Okulandisayo. Amakhemikhali, 13(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13051654
Greco, T., Glenn, TC, Hovda, DA, & Prins, ML (2016). Ukudla kwe-Ketogenic kunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative futhi kuthuthukisa umsebenzi oyinkimbinkimbi wokuphefumula we-mitochondrial. Ijenali yokugeleza kwegazi neCerebral & Metabolism, 36(9), i-1603. https://doi.org/10.1177/0271678X15610584
U-Hartman, AL, Gasior, M., Vining, EPG, & Rogawski, MA (2007). I-Neuropharmacology ye-Ketogenic Diet. I-Neurology Yezingane, 36(5), i-281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2007.02.008
Ukwelashwa kwe-oxygen ye-Hyperbaric ikhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kokubuyiswa kwe-neurological kumagundane ngokulimala kwengqondo okubuhlungu okuhlotshaniswa nokusebenza kwe-TrkB-Dan-2018-Ibrain-Wiley Online Library. (nd). Ibuyiselwe ngoFebhuwari 19, 2022, kusukela https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/j.2769-2795.2018.tb00029.x
Jarrett, SG, Milder, JB, Liang, L.-P., & Patel, M. (2008). Ukudla kwe-ketogenic kwandisa amazinga e-mitochondrial glutathione. I-Journal ye-Neurochemistry, 106(3), i-1044-1051. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05460.x
Koh, S., Dupuis, N., & Auvin, S. (2020). Ukudla kwe-Ketogenic kanye Neuroinflammation. Ucwaningo Lwesithuthwane, 167, 106454. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2020.106454
Mattson, MP, Moehl, K., Ghena, N., Schmaedick, M., & Cheng, A. (2018). Ukushintsha kwe-metabolic ngezikhathi ezithile, i-neuroplasticity kanye nempilo yobuchopho. Ukubuyekezwa Kwemvelo. I-Neuroscience, 19(2), i-63. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn.2017.156
McDonald, TJW, & Cervenka, MC (2018). Izidlo ze-Ketogenic ze-Adult Neurological Disorders. Neurotherapeutics, 15(4), i-1018. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13311-018-0666-8
McDougall, A., Bayley, M., & Munce, SE (2018). Ukudla kwe-ketogenic njengokwelashwa kokulimala kobuchopho okubuhlungu: Ukubuyekezwa kwe-scoping. Ukulimala Ubuningi, 32(4), i-416-422. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699052.2018.1429025
U-Newman, JC, & Verdin, E. (2017). I-β-Hydroxybutyrate: I-Metabolite Ebonisa izimpawu. Ukubuyekezwa Konyaka Kokudla Okunempilo, 37, 51. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nutr-071816-064916
Norwitz, NG, Dalai, Sethi., & Palmer, CM (2020). Ukudla kwe-Ketogenic njengokwelashwa kwe-metabolic yesifo sengqondo. Umbono wamanje ku-Endocrinology, isifo sikashukela kanye nokukhuluphala, 27(5), i-269-274. https://doi.org/10.1097/MED.0000000000000564
Offermanns, S., & Schwaninger, M. (2015). Ukwenza kusebenze okunomsoco noma kwezemithi kwe-HCA2 kuthuthukisa i-neuroinflammation. Amathrendi kuMithi Yezinhlamvu, 21(4), i-245-255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molmed.2015.02.002
Preston, G., Emmerzaal, T., Radenkovic, S., Lanza, IR, Oglesbee, D., Morava, E., & Kozicz, T. (2021). I-Cerebellar kanye ne-multi-system metabolic reprogramming ehlotshaniswa nokuchayeka kokuhlukumezeka kanye ne-post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)-like behaviour kumagundane. I-Neurobiology of Stress, 14, 100300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ynstr.2021.100300
I-SciELO – Brazil—Umthelela wokuvikela kanye nendlela yokwelashwa kwe-oxygen ye-hyperbaric ebuchosheni begundane elinokulimala okudabukisayo Umthelela wokuvikela kanye nendlela yokwelashwa kwe-oxygen ye-hyperbaric ebuchosheni begundane elinokulimala okudabukisayo. (nd). Ibuyiselwe ngoFebhuwari 19, 2022, kusukela https://www.scielo.br/j/acb/a/HjTbd5M57J6XFV8jVkcBbTb/abstract/?lang=en
Yarar-Fisher, C., Li, J., Womack, ED, Alharbi, A., Seira, O., Kolehmainen, KL, Plunet, WT, Alaeiilkhchi, N., & Tetzlaff, W. (2021). Imithi ye-Ketogenic yezehlakalo ezibucayi ze-neurotraumatic. Umbono wamanje ku-Biotechnology, 70, 68-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2020.12.009
Ying, X., Tu, W., Li, S., Wu, Q., Chen, X., Zhou, Y., Hu, J., Yang, G., & Jiang, S. (2019). Ukwelashwa kwe-oxygen ye-hyperbaric kunciphisa i-apoptosis kanye ne-dendritic/synaptic degeneration ngokusebenzisa izindlela zokusayina ze-BDNF/TrkB kumagundane e-SCI. I-Life Sciences, 229, 187-199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2019.05.029
Yudkoff, M., Daikhin, Y., Nissim, I., Lazarow, A., & Nissim, I. (2004). Ukudla kwe-Ketogenic, i-brain glutamate metabolism kanye nokulawula ukubanjwa. I-Prostaglandins, i-Leukotrienes, ne-Essential Fatty Acids, 70(3), i-277-285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plefa.2003.07.005
2 Amazwana