Ingabe ukudla kwe-ketogenic kungaphatha i-bipolar disorder?

I-Ketogenic Diet ye-Bipolar Disorder

Ubufakazi obandayo busekela ukusetshenziswa kwezidlo ze-ketogenic ze-bipolar disorder ngenxa yekhono lokudla kwe-ketogenic lokuguqula izindlela eziyisisekelo ze-pathological ezifana ne-brain hypometabolism, ukungalingani kwe-neurotransmitter, ukuvuvukala kobuchopho, nokucindezeleka okwenziwe nge-oxidative. Kunemibiko eminingi ye-anecdotal, izifundo zecala ezishicilelwe emaphephandabeni abuyekezwa ngontanga, izihloko ezibukeza izincwadi ngesihloko, kanye nokuhlolwa okulawulwa ngokungahleliwe okwenziwa ukuhlola ukudla kwe-ketogenic njengokwelashwa kwe-bipolar disorder.

Okuqukethwe

Isingeniso

Iziqephu ze-Manic ku-BPD ngokuvamile zibhekwa njengezilawulwa kahle ngemithi. Kodwa iziqephu ezinkulu zokucindezeleka zisabhekwa njengeziphindaphindayo kanye nenselele ebalulekile yomtholampilo. Abantu abane-bipolar disorder bahlushwa umthwalo wezimpawu zokucindezeleka ezibalulekile, ngisho nalabo abaneziqephu zabo zobuntu ezizizwa belawulwa kahle ngemithi.

Lezi zigaba zingadala ukukhubazeka okungapheli kokusebenza nokukhubazeka futhi zandise ingcuphe yokuzibulala. Ukuthembela emithini engasebenzi ukuze welaphe izigaba zokucindezeleka ze-bipolar kokubili kuwunya futhi kungase kube yingozi. Ngisho noma kuyindinganiso yokunakekelwa. Iziqinisi zemizwelo ezikhona zesigaba sokucindezeleka se-bipolar disorder zisebenza kuphela ku-1/3 yeziguli ze-bipolar kanye nama-antidepressants ajwayelekile ahluleka ngokuphindaphindiwe ukukhombisa inzuzo kuma-RCT alesi simo futhi angase enze isimo sibe sibi nakakhulu. Ama-antipsychotic angavamile kubikwa ukuthi asebenza kangcono kodwa anemiphumela elimazayo yokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic eyenza ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kungabi nempilo futhi imiphumela emibi ngokuvamile ingabekezeleleki ezigulini.

Ngibhala lokhu okungenhla ukuze ngibonise usizi lwabaningi abaphethwe yi-bipolar disorder, futhi ngiveze ukuthi ngisho noma umuntu one-bipolar disorder eye wakwazi ukulawula izimpawu zakhe zokuhlanya ngemithi (abaningi abakazitholi), kusenengxenye ebalulekile ye-bipolar inani labantu abahlushwa izimpawu ezisele.

Futhi bafanele ukwazi zonke izindlela abangazizwa bengcono ngazo.

Kuphakanyiswe izindlela ezimbalwa zebhayoloji njengezimbangela ezingase zibe yimbangela ye-BD. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-mitochondrial, ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative kanye nokuphazamiseka kwe-neurotransmitter.

Yu, B., Ozveren, R., & Dalai, SS (2021). Ukudla kwe-Ketogenic njengokwelashwa kwe-metabolic ye-bipolar disorder: ukuthuthukiswa komtholampilo. https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-334453/v2

Njengoba sixoxa nge-glucose hypometabolism, ukungalingani kwe-neurotransmitter, ukuvuvukala, ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative, nokuthi ukudla kwe-ketogenic kuguqula kanjani lezo zici, uzoqala ukuqonda ukuthi kungani abantu benza ukudla kwe-ketogenic kwe-bipolar disorder.

Ake siqale!

I-Bipolar Disorder kanye ne-Hypometabolism

Ama-pathologies ayisisekelo e-metabolic okucatshangwa ukuthi adlala indima afaka ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-energy metabolism.

Yu, B., Ozveren, R., & Dalai, SS (2021). Ukusetshenziswa kwe-carbohydrate ephansi, ukudla kwe-ketogenic ku-bipolar disorder: ukubuyekezwa okuhlelekile. https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-334453/v1

Iyini i-hypometabolism yobuchopho? Futhi ingabe abantu abane-bipolar disorder bane-hypometabolism?

I-Brain hypometabolism imane isho ukuthi amangqamuzana obuchopho awasebenzisi kahle amandla kwezinye izingxenye zobuchopho noma ezakhiweni ezithile. 

  • hypo = low
  • umzimba = ukusetshenziswa kwamandla

Abantu abane-bipolar disorder banezifunda ze-brain hypometabolism, okusho ukuthi lezo zindawo zobuchopho azisebenzi ngendlela okufanele zisebenze ngayo. I-Brain hypometabolism empeleni imayelana nokungasebenzi kahle kwe-mitochondrial, okuyindlela ubuchopho obusebenzisa ngayo uphethiloli nokuthi buwakhiqiza kahle kangakanani amandla.

Akuyona nje indawo eyodwa yobuchopho lapho sibona khona ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-mitochondrial kudlala njengokushoda kwamandla. Ezinye zezindawo zobuchopho ezikhonjwe njenge-hypometabolic ngobuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene be-neuroimaging zifaka i-insula, i-brainstem, ne-cerebellum.

Kukhona nobufakazi obanele be-hypometabolism ebangela ukuphazamiseka kokuxhumana ngaphakathi kwendaba emhlophe engaphambili. Lokhu kuphazamiseka kwesakhiwo samangqamuzana kanye nokugayeka kokudla emzimbeni kwenzeka ekujuleni kodaba olumhlophe lobuchopho phakathi kwenethiwekhi ye-front-limbic. Kulawo magama amasha kuwo wonke lawa magama esakhiwo sobuchopho, i- limbic system yakho iyisikhungo semizwa sobuchopho. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi imizwa yakho ingavela ekuhloleni kwakho isimo (oh ingwe lelo futhi lidla abantu!) nokuthi lowo mlayezo uya ohlelweni lwakho lwe-limbic ukuze uqale impendulo (RUN!). Ku-bipolar disorder, sibona izinkinga zokuxhuma izinto ezimhlophe kumanethiwekhi amakhulu okuqonda ahlanganisa i-dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, izifunda zesikhashana kanye ne-parietal. Okuyizo zonke izingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu ozidingayo ukuze usebenze futhi ushise amandla kahle.

Lezi zindawo ezihlonziwe ze-hypometabolism yesakhiwo sobuchopho azimangalisi uma sicabanga ngokubonakaliswa kwezimpawu ezithintekayo nezokuziphatha ku-bipolar disorder. Ngokwesibonelo:

  • kuphazamise ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-dorsal cingulate cortex, ne-precuneus, i-cuneus.
    • Kucatshangwa ukuthi lokhu kuxhumana okuphazamisekile kungase kubambe iqhaza kokulandelayo ukusabela okweqile ngesikhathi sokucubungula ngokomzwelo ezigulini ze-bipolar
  • i-dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
    • ilawula imisebenzi ephezulu efana nemisebenzi yokuhlela, inkumbulo yokusebenza, nokunaka okukhethiwe.
  • i-dorsal cingulate cortex
    • ukulawula okuphezulu (okudingayo ukuze ulawule imizwa), ukufunda, nokuzithiba.
    • I-hypometabolism ku-cingulate cortex ibonakala kubantu abanezinkinga zokusebenzisa izidakamizwa
  • i-precuneus
    • umbono wendawo, ukusabela kwe-cue, amasu omfanekiso wengqondo, inkumbulo episodic ukubuyisela, kanye nezimpendulo ezithinta ubuhlungu.

Kodwa ungama kancane, ungase usho. Ukusabela okweqile? Lokho kungenzeka kanjani ebuchosheni obune-hypometabolism kuyilapho singalindele amandla anele ukuze kwenzeke umsebenzi oweqile? Futhi, ingabe ezinye izigaba ze-bipolar disorder azenzi wonke umuntu abe nomfutho ophakeme? Njengokuthi abakwazi ukuma noma ukulala? Kusebenza kanjani lokhu?

Hhayi-ke, impendulo iyaxaka kancane. Uma ezinye izindawo zobuchopho zingenawo amandla anele okusebenza, kungabangela imiphumela engezansi ephazamisa ukulinganisa kwe-neuronal kwezinye izifunda. Ngakho-ke i-hypometabolism kwezinye izingxenye zobuchopho ilahla uhlelo oluthambile lobuchopho, futhi igcina iqhubekisela phambili ukungalingani kwe-neurotransmitter kuzo zonke noma ezakhiweni ezingomakhelwane, okubangela ukukhululeka ngokweqile ezingeni le-neurotransmitter. esizoxoxa ngakho kabanzi ezigabeni ezizayo (bona Ukungalingani Kwe-Neurotransmitter). I-Hypometabolism endaweni eyodwa yobuchopho ingabangela ubuchopho ukuthi buxhumane kakhulu kwezinye izingxenye zobuchopho, bezama ukunxephezela. Ungagcina usunokuxhumana phakathi kwezindawo okungezona ezangempela ezixhumeke kakhulu.

Ukungakwazi kwamaseli obuchopho ukuba namandla anele asuka emthonjeni kaphethiloli ozinzile kuqhubekisela phambili ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-mitochondrial. I-Mitochondria amabhethri amaseli akho, futhi ayadingeka ukufeza zonke izinto okudingeka zenziwe yi-neuron. Uma uphethiloli wobuchopho bakho ungasakusebenzeli, okungenzeka uma kwenzeka kuba ne-glucose ne-bipolar disorder, lawo mabhethri awakwazi ukusebenza. Ama-neurons awanawo amandla anele okusebenza futhi aqala ukungasebenzi kahle! I-neuron engasebenzi kahle ayikwazi ukwenza ukugcinwa kwamangqamuzana okuyisisekelo, ukwenza ama-neurotransmitters, noma ngisho nokugcina lawo ma-neurotransmitters ekhona isikhathi esilungile ku-synapse, noma ikwazi ukuxhumana kahle namanye amaseli.

Ngenxa yokuthi basosizini, bakha izinga labo lokuvuvukala kanye ne-oxidation, besebenzisa ama-cofactors ayigugu (amavithamini namaminerali) bezama ukulwa nokuvuvukala okwenzeka ngoba ingqamuzana licindezelekile ngenxa yokuntuleka kwamandla. Ukunciphisa iseli ngokuqhubekayo nokwengeza kumjikelezo wamandla ompofu ku-neuron.  

Enye yezinkolelo-mbono ukuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka ukuthi ukuguqulwa kwe-glucose kuphazamiseka ebuchosheni ngenxa yokuguqulwa okungalungile kwe-enzyme ebalulekile ebizwa ngokuthi i-pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC). Izinkinga zokuguqula i-glucose njengomthombo wamandla wamandla ebuchosheni zinemiphumela emibi kakhulu.

Le hypometabolism, kanye nokungasebenzi kahle kwe-mitochondrial okwalandela, kubaluleke kakhulu ebuchosheni be-bipolar, kangangokuthi abacwaningi bangenza amagundane e-transgenic ngokukhubazeka okuthile kobuchopho be-mitochondrial, futhi benze kabusha ngokuphelele izimpawu umuntu abhekana nazo!

Futhi, lapho belapha lawa magundane e-transgenic nge-lithium noma ngisho nama-antidepressants avamile, aphendula ngendlela efanayo neziguli ze-bipolar ezizenzayo kuleyo mithi.

Ngakho iphuzu lami leli. I-Hypometabolism iyisici ESIKHULU ekudaleni nasekuqhubekiseni izimpawu ze-bipolar. Idinga ukunakwa njengethagethi eqondile yokungenelela ku-bipolar disorder.

Manje, ake sixoxe ngokuthi ukudla okune-ketogenic, ukwelapha okwaziwayo kwezifo ze-metabolic, kungasiza kanjani.

I-keto iphatha kanjani i-hypometabolism ku-bipolar disorder

Ukudla kwe-Ketogenic kungumngane omkhulu we-neuron. Abagcini nje ngokunikeza omunye umthombo kaphethiloli ku-glucose ngendlela yama-ketones, la mandla e-ketone avele ashibilikele ngqo ku-neuron, edlula noma yiziphi izinqubo ezikhethekile ze-enzyme noma imisebenzi ye-transporter engalungile. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kwamandla kumetabolism kunikeza ubuchopho obuguquguqukayo amandla okwenza zonke izinto obudinga ukuzenza, kangcono kakhulu kunangaphambili.

Njengokungathi ukuba nomthombo wamafutha ongcono ubuchopho obungawusebenzisa kangcono kwakunganele, ama-ketone ngokwawo ayimizimba ebonisa isakhi sofuzo. lokhu kusho ukuthi bangavula futhi bavale ufuzo ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene. Futhi enye yezinto eyenziwa yilawa ma-ketone ukukhuthaza iseli ukuthi lenze imitochondria eyengeziwe. Ama-ketones akhulisa amandla obuchopho ngokwenza amaningi alawo mabhethri eseli bese enikeza uphethiloli ovutha kuwo.

Uma ungakaqiniseki ukuthi ukudla kwe-ketogenic kufanele kubhekwe njengokwelashwa kwe-hypometabolism ebonakala ku-bipolar disorder, kungase kukuzuzise ukuthi ufunde ukuthi ezinye zezimpawu ze-bipolar disorder zifana kanjani nalokho esikubonayo ezifweni ze-neurodegenerative.

Iphethini ye-hypometabolism ebuchosheni ku-bipolar disorder, ifana nesifo i-Alzheimer's, kangangokuthi ezigulini ezindala ukuxilonga okuhlukile kuyinselele kakhulu futhi ngezinye izikhathi akunakwenzeka.

…imiphumela yethu yembula izici ezabiwe ezivamile ze-neurocognitive ezigulini ezine-bipolar ezinokukhubazeka kwengqondo okusolwa ukuthi umsuka we-neurodegenerative iphakamisa ukubamba iqhaza kwezifo ezihlukahlukene ezingaphansi...

Musat, EM, et al., (2021). Izimpawu Zeziguli Eziguquguqukayo Ezinokukhubazeka Kokuqonda Komsuka Okusolisayo We-Neurodegenerative: Iqoqo Lama-Multicenter. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11111183

Eqinisweni, i-bipolar disorder ihlanganisa okuningi kokungajwayelekile okufanayo, kokubili kumetabolism yobuchopho kanye nezindlela zokubonisa njengezifo eziningi ze-neurodegenerative, okuhlanganisa nesifo i-Alzheimer's (AD), i-Lewy Body Dementia, ngisho nezici ezithile zesifo sika-Parkinson.

Izidlo ze-Ketogenic ziwukwelashwa okusekelwe ebufakazini besifo i-Alzheimer, nama-RCT amaningana abonisa izinzuzo. Kungani kungeke kusize lezi zindawo zobuchopho ezifanayo ezinenkinga yamandla kanye ne-metabolism? Ikakhulukazi lapho singabona ukuthi izifunda eziningi zobuchopho ezifanayo ziyabandakanyeka.

Sikwazi kanjani lokhu? Ingabe sinazo izifundo ze-RCT imaging yobuchopho nokho ezibonisa umsebenzi othuthukisiwe ebuchosheni ikakhulukazi kubantu abane-bipolar disorder abasebenzisa ukudla kwe-ketogenic? Hhayi ukuthi ngitholile. Kodwa ngiqinisekile ukuthi bayeza. Ngoba sibona ukuncipha okukhulu kwezimpawu kubantu abaningi abane-bipolar disorder abathuthela ekudleni kwe-ketogenic. Futhi okunye kwalokho kuncipha kwezimpawu kuvela ngokudelela emandleni obuchopho athuthukisiwe.

Ukudla okune-ketogenic kuvumela ubuchopho be-bipolar ukuthi buqoqe ama-ketone ukuze bube uphethiloli futhi buwasebenzise esikhundleni se-glucose ngokuyinhloko njengophethiloli. Lokhu kwamafutha okwandayo kuyindlela yokuhlenga ye-metabolism yobuchopho. Ukuvumela amandla engeziwe kuseli kuvumela ukulungiswa kweseli, ukugcinwa, ukudluliswa kwe-neuron okuthuthukisiwe, amandla esenzo angcono, ukusho lokho. Ingqondo yakho idinga amandla anele ukuze ikwenze.

Kukhona indawo emnandi ocwaningweni oluzayo lokugcona ubudlelwano bemetabolism namasistimu e-neurotransmitter ahlukene. Ngakho kuze kube lolo cwaningo lwenziwe, kuyodingeka sixoxe ngalunye ngezigaba ezihlukene. Sekuyisikhathi sokusuka ku-hypometabolism uye ku-neurotransmitter ukungalingani.

I-BIpolar Disorder kanye Neurotransmitter Ukungalingani

Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zamakhemikhali e-neurotransmitter ebuchosheni. Ama-neurotransmitters abandakanyeka ekuguleni kwe-bipolar ahlanganisa I-dopamine, i-norepinephrine, i-serotonin, i-GABA (i-gamma-aminobutyrate), ne-glutamate. I-Acetylcholine nayo iyathinteka kodwa ngeke ibuyekezwe kulokhu okuthunyelwe kwebhulogi. Uma sikhuluma ngokungalingani kwe-neurotransmitter, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi asikhulumi nje ngokuningi noma okuncane kakhulu kwanoma yikuphi ngokukhethekile. 

Lokho kungase kube njalo ngezinga elithile, ngokwenza okuncane kokunye nokungaphezulu kokunye kungaba usizo. Kodwa esikhuluma ngakho ukuthi ama-neurotransmitters enziwa futhi asetshenziswe kanjani. Ingabe ama-receptors aklanyelwe ukuyisa ama-neurotransmitters kumaseli asebenza kahle? Ingabe ulwelwesi lwamangqamuzana lungakwazi ukwenza ingxenye yalo ekwenzeni i-neurotransmitter noma ekugcineni imisoco eludingayo ukwenza ama-neurotransmitters? 

Ingabe maningi kakhulu ama-receptors ohlobo olulodwa lwe-neurotransmitter? Uma kunjalo, kusho ukuthini lokho ukuthi i-neurotransmitter ihlala isikhathi esingakanani ku-synapse ukuze izuze? Ingabe akhona ama-polymorphisms ofuzo athinta ama-enzyme okufanele enze ama-neurotransmitters noma enze umsebenzi wokuwahlehlisa?

Uyawuthola umqondo. Iphuzu lami liwukuthi lapho ngixoxa ngama-neurotransmitters athile ngezansi, ngibhala ngohlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi. Futhi ukucabanga kwesistimu kuthatha ukushintsha kombono. Ngakho-ke gcina lokho engqondweni njengoba ufunda ngokungalingani kwe-neurotransmitter ku-bipolar disorder.

I-Dopaminergic System

I-Dopamine (DA) receptor kanye ne-transporter dysfunctions idlala indima ebalulekile ku-pathophysiology ye-bipolar disorder kuzo zombili izifunda ze-manic ne-depressive.
Okukodwa okungaguquki okutholakele kuvela kuma-dopaminergic agonists ezifundweni zocwaningo. Ama-agonists e-Dopaminergic avimba ama-dopamine receptors, ngakho i-dopamine ihlala isebenza ku-synapse isikhathi eside futhi iba nomthelela omkhulu kakhulu. Lapho abacwaningi benza lokhu, bangalingisa iziqephu ze-mania noma i-hypomania ezigulini eziguquguqukayo, noma ngisho nalabo abanokuthambekela okucashile kokuthuthukisa lesi sifo.

Ezinye izifundo zithole ukuthi iziguli eziguquguqukayo zinomsebenzi ophezulu we-dopaminergic system nokuthi lo msebenzi ungahle ubangelwe ukwanda kokukhululwa kwe-neurotransmitter kanye nezinkinga zokuyilawula ngemisebenzi ye-synaptic. Lezi zici zingase zihlotshaniswe nokuthuthukiswa kwezimpawu ze-manic ezigulini ze-bipolar. Futhi kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi amazinga anda e-dopamine ahlotshaniswa nokwanda kwengcindezi ye-oxidative. Nakuba lesi kungesona isigaba sokucindezeleka kwe-oxidative sebhulogi, ukucindezeleka okwenziwe nge-oxidative kubaluleke kakhulu ohlelweni lwe-neurotransmitter. Iphazamisa izinqubo ezibalulekile ze-enzymatic futhi idale izinhlobo ze-oksijini ezisebenzayo, futhi lokhu kuphazamisa indawo lapho ama-neurotransmitters azama ukwenziwa khona, abe nemiphumela ephawulekayo eya phansi.

Isistimu ye-Norepinephrinergic

I-Norepinephrine iyi-neurotransmitter eyinhloko ku-bipolar disorder. I-Dopamine iguqulelwa ku-norepinephrine nge-enzyme i-Dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DβH). Uma umncane walo msebenzi we-enzyme, futhi ngenxa yalokho i-dopamine encane iguqulwa ibe i-norepinephrine, ababambiqhaza bocwaningo babika izimpawu eziphakeme ze-bipolar ezinhlwini zokuhlola.

I-MHPG, i-byproduct eyenziwe yinqubo ye-metabolic yokudala i-norepinephrine (ebizwa ngokuthi i-metabolite), ithathwa njengento engaba uphawu lwe-biomarker yokukhomba izimo zemizwa. Le metabolite ihlongozwa ukuthi imele izici zomtholampilo njengoba isiguli se-bipolar sishintsha phakathi kwezimo ezicindezelekile nezobuhlanya. Futhi lapho kusetshenziswa i-lithium, kuba khona ukwehla kule biomarker efanayo.

Umsebenzi we-Norepinephrine ubonakala uguquguquka ngokusekelwe esigabeni se-bipolar. Amazinga aphansi we-norepinephrine kanye nokuzwela kwe-receptor (a2) kubikwa phakathi nezimo ezicindezelekile kanye nomsebenzi ophezulu phakathi nezigaba ze-manic.

I-Glutamatergic System

I-Glutamate iyi-neurotransmitter ejabulisayo eneqhaza ezinqubweni eziningi eziyinkimbinkimbi nezibalulekile. Sibona amanani aphezulu omsebenzi we-glutamate ku-bipolar disorder.

Ufuna i-glutamate, kodwa hhayi kakhulu, futhi ufuna ukugxila okuphezulu ezindaweni ezifanele. Uma izimo zingekho kahle ebuchosheni, nganoma yisiphi isizathu kodwa okungenzeka kakhulu ngenxa yokuvuvukala (njengoba uzofunda kamuva), ubuchopho buzokwenza i-glutamate eningi (kufika ku-100x ngaphezu kwamazinga avamile). I-Glutamate kulawa mazinga ine-neurotoxic futhi idala ukuguga kwe-neurodeergenerative. I-glutamate eningi idala umonakalo kuma-neurons nama-synapses futhi idale umonakalo okufanele ubuchopho buzame ukuwuphulukisa (futhi umthwalo wokulungisa umonakalo ngeke ukwazi ukuhambisana nawo lapho i-glutamate ephezulu ingapheli).

Ucwaningo lukhombisa ngokungaguquki ukwehla kokuvezwa kwama-molecule abandakanyekayo ekudluliselweni kwe-glutamate phakathi kwama-neurons ebuchosheni babantu abanesifo sengqondo esiguquguqukayo. Enye inkolelo-mbono iwukuthi ukweqisa okuqhubekayo kwe-glutamate ebuchosheni beziguli ezine-bipolar disorder kushintsha ama-receptors ukunciphisa imiphumela elimazayo.

I-Glutamate iyi-neurotransmitter ethinta imizwa. Sibona amazinga aphezulu e-glutamate kunqwaba yezifo zengqondo, njengokukhathazeka, ukuphazamiseka kobuhlungu, i-PTSD, nesifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo akuhlukile ekwabelaneni ngalokhu kungalingani kwe-neurotransmitter okuvamile. Ngaphandle kwe-bipolar disorder, esikhundleni sokudala ukuhlaselwa kokwesaba njengoba kungase kube kumuntu onokukhathazeka okujwayelekile, i-glutamate ingabonakala emazingeni aphakeme, ikakhulukazi phakathi nesigaba se-manic sokugula.

Isistimu ye-GABAergic

I-GABA iyi-neurotransmitter evimbelayo esebenza njengamabhuleki ama-neurotransmitters ajabulisayo njenge-glutamate. I-GABA ihilelekile ku-bipolar disorder futhi ihlotshaniswa nezimo zengqondo nezokucindezeleka, futhi idatha yomtholampilo ibonisa ukuthi ukwehla komsebenzi wesistimu ye-GABA kuhlotshaniswa nezimo zokucindezeleka nezomuntu. Odokotela bengqondo bavame ukunikeza imithi yokuguqula i-GABA ngoba lokhu kubonakala kunomphumela wokuzinza kwemizwa ku-bipolar disorder.

Kukhona njalo omaka (izilinganiso) abaphansi be-GABA ebuchosheni babantu abaguquguqukayo, futhi nakuba lokhu kungagcini nje nge-bipolar disorder futhi kwenzeka kwezinye izifo zengqondo, kuwukutholakala okungaguquki. Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa eziqondise ohlelweni lwe-GABA kusetshenziselwa ukusiza ukwelapha isigaba sokucindezeleka se-bipolar disorder. Kokubili izifundo ze-gene association kanye ne-postmortem zibonisa ubufakazi bokungajwayelekile ohlelweni lokusayina lwe-GABA.

Iziguli ezinokwehliswa kwe-GABA ziveza ukuthi zinokukhubazeka kwengqondo okubaluleke kakhulu futhi ikakhulukazi ekulawuleni okuvimba ukuziphatha.

Isistimu ye-Serotoninergic

Siyazi ukuthi i-serotonin idlala indima ku-bipolar disorder. Ubufakazi obusekela ukuthi i-serotonin (ebuye ibizwe ngokuthi i-5-HT) ibandakanyeka ku-mania nokuthi ukwanda noma ukuthuthukisa i-serotonin kunomphumela wokuzinza kwemizwelo kuye kwenziwa ezifundweni ezihlukahlukene kusetshenziswa omaka abahlukene (isb, ukuncipha kwe-tryptophan, postmortem, platelet, kanye neuroendocrine).

Ukuncipha kokukhululwa nomsebenzi we-serotonin kuhlotshaniswa nokucabanga ukuzibulala, imizamo yokuzibulala, ulaka, nokuphazamiseka kokulala. Kukhona zonke izimpawu ezitholwa abantu abane-bipolar disorder. Kodwa njengoba sixoxile esingenisweni sokuthunyelwe kwebhulogi, imithi ezama ukushintsha lesi simiso ngokuvamile ayanele ekwehliseni lezi zimpawu kulesi sibalo.

Umsebenzi we-cell membrane kanye ne-BDNF

Awukwazi ukuxoxa ngokulinganisa kwe-neurotransmitter ngaphandle kwengxoxo ngomsebenzi we-membrane. Njengoba usufundile kakade, amaseli adinga amandla okudubula okungenzeka (ukudubula kwamaseli). Futhi izinto ezibalulekile zenzeka lapho ama-neurons evutha, njengamandla okulawula ukugxila kwe-calcium. Kufanele ube nolwelwesi lwamangqamuzana olunempilo ukuze ube nokukhiqiza amandla okuhle futhi ulawule amanani amaminerali abalulekile ubuchopho obuwadingayo ukuze bukhiqize amandla okusebenza, ukugcina impilo yengqamuzana, ukugcina imisoco ukuze kukhiqizwe i-neurotransmitter kanye nomsebenzi wama-enzyme.

Ku-bipolar disorder, ukulahlekelwa umsebenzi we-sodium/potassium kanye nokulahlekelwa okulandelayo (sodium) Na+/ (potassium) K+-ATPase Umsebenzi (imisebenzi ye-enzyme ebalulekile ukuze udale amandla) kwenzeka futhi kunomthelela ekushodelweni kwamandla kwamaseli. Umphumela wezinguquko ekusebenzeni kwe-membrane ungase ube nomthelela esimweni somuntu kanye nezimo ezicindezelekile ze-bipolar disorder.

I-brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) into eyenziwe ebuchosheni esiza ukulungisa amaseli futhi yenza ukuxhumana okusha kokufunda naphakathi kwezakhiwo zobuchopho. Khumbula ukuthi sixoxe kanjani ngokungahambi kahle kwe-neural circuitry endabeni emhlophe? Udinga i-BDNF ukusiza ukuxhuma kabusha into efana naleyo. Futhi abantu abane-bipolar disorder abanayo i-BDNF eyanele yokwenza lokho kahle noma ukuhambisana nokulungiswa okudingekayo ezimeni ezingamahlalakhona ze-neuroinflammation.

Ngethemba, lokhu okuthunyelwe kwebhulogi kuqala ukuphendula umbuzo othi Ingabe ukudla kwe-ketogenic kungasiphatha isifo se-bipolar? Ungabona ukuthi imiphumela kubhalansi ye-neurotransmitter yenza kanjani ukwelashwa kokudla kwe-ketogenic kwe-bipolar disorder.

I-keto ibhalansisa kanjani ama-neurotransmitters

Izidlo ze-Ketogenic zinemiphumela eqondile kuma-neurotransmitters amaningana. Kunezifundo eziningi ezibonisa ukwanda kwe-serotonin ne-GABA, nokulinganisa kwe-glutamate ne-dopamine. Kukhona ukuxhumana okuthile phakathi kokudla kwe-ketogenic kanye ne-norepinephrine okwamanje okuphenywayo ocwaningweni lwesithuthwane. Akubonakali kunethonya lama-ketones ku-norepinephrine ngokuqondile, kodwa phansi komfula njengoba iguqulwa ibe yi-dopamine.

Ukudla kwe-Ketogenic kulinganisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-neurotransmitter nomsebenzi, ngakho ngeke uthole okuningi kakhulu kokukodwa noma okuncane kakhulu kokunye, futhi ugcine uthola imiphumela engemihle njengoba ubungenza ngezinye izikhathi ngemithi.

Ukulawulwa kwama-neurotransmitters athile, njenge-GABA, ngokusobala kunenzuzo emuzweni futhi ukwanda kwawo kusiza ukulinganisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-glutamate ejabulisayo. Lokhu cishe kuyindlela esibona ngayo isimo sengqondo esithuthukisiwe kubantu ngabanye, futhi ingase ibe nomthelela ngokuqondile ekwehliseni kwezimo zokuhlanya.

Enye indlela ebalulekile esibona ngayo ukuthuthuka kwebhalansi ye-neurotransmitter isekusebenzeni okuthuthukisiwe kolwelwesi lwamaseli. Izidlo ze-Ketogenic ziqinisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwamangqamuzana futhi zisize ukulawula ukungena kwe-micronutrients (khumbula i-sodium, i-potassium, ne-calcium?) edingekayo ekuqhumeni kwamaseli. Ukusebenza kwe-membrane okuthuthukisiwe nakho kwenzeka ngomshini olawulayo (owenza okwengeziwe) i-BDNF, ngakho amaseli kanye nolwelwesi lwamaseli akwazi kangcono ukuzilungisa. Futhi njengebhonasi eyengeziwe, lokhu kuthuthukiswa komsebenzi we-membrane yeseli kuvumela ulwelwesi ukuthi lugcine ama-micronutrients abalulekile adingekayo ukuze kukhiqizwe ama-neuron futhi kuqalwe ukulungisa (kusetshenziswa lokho kunikezwa okwengeziwe okumangalisayo kwe-BDNF).

Kodwa njengoba sizofunda ngezansi, ama-neurotransmitters awakwazi ukwenziwa kahle noma ngamanani alinganiselayo endaweni ehlala ihlaselwa futhi ilawulwa ukuvuvukala. Futhi ngakho siphetha ingxoxo yethu yama-neurotransmitters kodwa kuphela ngokuphathelene nezinye izindlela ze-pathological ezenzeka ebuchosheni be-bipolar, okuhlanganisa ukuvuvukala nokucindezeleka okwenziwe nge-oxidative.

I-Bipolar Disorder kanye Nokuvuvukala

Ukuvuvukala kuyindaba eguquguqukayo kangangokuthi kuyindikimba ebalulekile yocwaningo iyodwa futhi ikhonjwa njengendlela ebalulekile eyisisekelo yokugula.

  • Ukushoda kwe-Micronutrient
    • okuholela ekungakwazini kweseli ukugcina impilo nokusebenza)
  • Amagciwane nama-bacteria
  • Amagciwane
    • ukudla noma imvelo
  • Ubuthi bezemvelo
    • ukungcola, izibulala-zinambuzane, ukhula, amapulasitiki, isikhunta
  • I-microbiome yamathumbu
    • ukwanda kwezinhlobo ngokuvamile ezingezinhle ezenza amathumbu avumeleke kanye nokuvuvukala
  • Izidlo ezivuthayo
    • ukudla okujwayelekile kwaseMelika, ama-carbohydrate acutshungulwe kakhulu, amafutha asezimbonini, ushukela ophezulu wegazi ongalawuleki

I-neuroinflammation engapheli iyimpendulo yokuzivikela komzimba kokukodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalolu hlobo lokuhlasela. Le mpendulo yokuzivikela komzimba iphumela ekusebenziseni amangqamuzana e-microglial abese ekhiqiza ama-cytokines avuthayo, ikakhulukazi, i-TNF-α ne-IL-1β, ukuze anciphise lokho okubhekwa njengokuyingozi. Kodwa ngokwenza kanjalo, kukhona umonakalo owenziwe ezicutshini ezizungezile ezivela kulawa ma-cytokines. Khona-ke ubuchopho budinga ukulungiswa, okuyinselele ukuyifeza lapho kunokuvuvukala okungapheli nokungapheli.

Omunye umbono othakazelisayo wezimpawu zokucindezeleka obonakala ku-bipolar disorder uhlobene nezinkathi zonyaka. Kunezinga eliphakeme lezimpawu zokucindezeleka ku-bipolar disorder entwasahlobo. Ucwaningo olulodwa oluthakazelisayo lwathola ukuthi izimpawu zokucindezeleka zihambisana ne-blood serum immune marker immunoglobulin E. Kucatshangwa ukuthi entwasahlobo, njengoba impova ikhuphuka, izimpawu zokucindezeleka kubantu abane-bipolar zingakhula ngenxa yempendulo ye-cytokine ye-pro-inflammatory ebangelwa ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile.

Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Microglial yama-cytokines avuvukalayo kubaluleke kakhulu ku-bipolar disorder ngoba anikeza indlela echazayo yezimpawu esizibona ku-bipolar disorder. Abalamuli abavuthayo, njengama-cytokines, bakha ukudluliswa kwe-synaptic futhi baze bakhumule ukuxhumana phakathi kwamaseli obuchopho (inqubo evamile ebizwa ngokuthi ukuthena ephuma esandleni nesifo se-neuroinflammation). Lezi zinguquko ebuchosheni zikhinyabeza ukunaka, ukusebenza kahle (ukuhlela, ukufunda, ukulawula indlela yokuziphatha nemizwelo), kanye nokusilela kwenkumbulo. I-hippocampus, eyingxenye yobuchopho enemisebenzi ebalulekile ekwakhiweni kwenkumbulo, ishaywa kakhulu yi-neuroinflammation. Ukukhiqizwa okungavinjelwe kwama-cytokines avuvukalayo kubangela ukufa kwamangqamuzana obuchopho ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Ukwanda kokukhiqizwa kwe-cytokine evuvukalayo kunendima eqinile yokuthi kungani sibona ukungasebenzi kahle okuqhubekayo kubantu phezu kwethayi nasezindaweni ezimbalwa zokulinganisa. Ukwenziwa kusebenze ngokweqile kwamangqamuzana e-microglial kuholela ekwenyukeni kokukhubazeka kwengqondo, ukusebenza okuqhubeka kuba kubi kakhulu, izifo ezihambisana nokugula okuhlanganisa ukugula okungamahlalakhona, futhi ekugcineni, nokufa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kulabo abane-bipolar disorder.

Ngakho-ke ukuvuvukala nokunciphisa ukuvuvukala, futhi ngethemba ukulungisa imbangela yokuvuvukala esigulini ngasinye, kuba okuhloswe kakhulu ukungenelela ohambweni lwabo oluya empilweni.

I-keto inciphisa kanjani ukuvuvukala

Angicabangi ukuthi ukungenelela okungcono kokuvuvukala kukhona kunokudla kwe-ketogenic. Ngiyazi ukuthi yinkulumo ephakeme leyo kodwa ngibekezeleleni. Izidlo ze-Ketogenic zakha into ebizwa ngokuthi ama-ketone. Ama-ketones ayimizimba ekhombisayo, okusho ukuthi ayakwazi ukukhuluma nezakhi zofuzo. Imizimba ye-ketone ibonakale ivala ngokoqobo izakhi zofuzo eziyingxenye yezindlela ezingapheli zokuvuvukala. Izidlo ze-Ketogenic ziphumelela kakhulu ekuvuvukeni zisetshenziselwa isifo samathambo nezinye izimo ezibuhlungu ezingapheli.

Kodwa linda kancane, ungase uthi, lezo akuzona izimo zokuvuvukala kobuchopho. Lezo yizifo zokuvuvukala kwe-peripheral ngakho azibali. Thinta.

Kodwa siyazi ukuthi ukudla kwe-ketogenic kuhle kakhulu ku-neuroinflammation kangangokuthi sikusebenzisa ngokulimala kobuchopho okubuhlungu. Ngemuva kokulimala kanzima kwengqondo okubuhlungu, kuba nesiphepho esikhulu se-cytokine ekuphenduleni ukulimala, Futhi le mpendulo yenza umonakalo omkhulu kaningi kunokuhlasela kokuqala. Izidlo ze-Ketogenic zithulisa leyo mpendulo Uma ukudla kwe-ketogenic kungalamula ukulimala kwengqondo ku-neuroinflammation, angiboni ukuthi kungani kungeke kube inketho ye-stellar ye-bipolar disorder. Siphinde siyisebenzisele izifo ezimbalwa ze-neurodeergenerative njenge-Alzheimer's, isifo sika-Parkinson, kanye ne-ALS. Zonke izimo ezinengxenye ebaluleke kakhulu ye-neuroinflammation.

Ngakho-ke kungani singasebenzisi ukudla okuklanywe kahle, okulwa nokuvuvukala kwe-ketogenic ukwelapha izindlela zokuvuvukala ezicashile esizibona ku-bipolar disorder?

I-Bipolar Disorder kanye ne-Oxidative Stress

Ingcindezi ye-oxidative yilokho okwenzekayo uma kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-oxygen esebenzayo (ROS). I-ROS iyenzeka kungakhathaliseki ukuthi senzani. Kodwa imizimba yethu iyazi ukuthi yenzeni ngakho. Size sibe nezinhlelo ze-endogenous (ezenziwe emzimbeni wethu) ezisiza ukuthi sibhekane nazo futhi sinciphise umonakalo wokuphila nokuphefumula, nokudla. Kodwa kubantu abane-bipolar disorder, lezi zinhlelo ze-antioxidant azisebenzi kahle noma azikwazi ukuhambisana nomonakalo oqhubekayo. Ngakho-ke, kubantu abane-bipolar disorder, izimpawu zokucindezeleka kwe-oxidative zihlala ziphakeme kunokulawula okuvamile ezincwadini zocwaningo. Akuwona nje umaka owodwa ophakeme kakhulu; abaningi babo.

Ingcindezi ye-oxidative, kanye nokungakwazi komzimba ukuqeda ngokwanele i-neuroinflammation, kunesibopho sokuguga kwe-hippocampal okuhlongozwayo ukuze kube ngaphansi kokungasebenzi kahle kwe-neurocognitive okubonwa ezigulini ze-BD. Ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative kubangela ukuguga kobuchopho ngokushesha ku-BD futhi kubophezele ngisho namazinga aphezulu e-mitochondrial (amabhethri amaseli) ukuguqulwa kwe-DNA okubonwa ocwaningweni lokufa.

Kodwa ukunikeza nje abantu abane-bipolar disorder imithi yokwelapha i-antioxidant yokunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative kunemiphumela exubile, futhi abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi lokhu kungase kube ngenxa yokuthi amazinga okucindezeleka okwenziwe nge-oxidative athonywa ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-mitochondrial. Khumbula esikufundile mayelana ne-hypometabolism yobuchopho kanye nokushoda kwamandla kanye nokungasebenzi kahle kwe-mitochondrial esikubona ku-bipolar disorder? I-bipolar disorder ukuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic kobuchopho, futhi awekho nje amandla anele ukuze ubuchopho busebenzise?

Lolo daba olufanayo lungase lube nesibopho samazinga engcindezi ye-oxidative abonwa abacwaningi. Okungenani engxenyeni ethile yalabo abane-bipolar disorder kanye ne-oxidative stress.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyimbangela eyinhloko noma indlela yesibili ye-pathology ku-bipolar disorder, siyazi ukuthi ukucindezeleka okwenziwe nge-oxidative kuyasiza ekudaleni izimpawu esizibona ku-bipolar disorder. Futhi ngenxa yaleso sizathu, sidinga ukungenelela okunciphisa ngokuqondile ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative, okungcono ngezindlela eziningana.

I-keto inciphisa kanjani i-oxidative Stress

Uhlelo engiluthandayo yi-endogenous antioxidant system i-glutathione. Lolu uhlelo olunamandla kakhulu lwe-antioxidant olulawula ukudla kwe-ketogenic empeleni. Lokhu kulawulwa kwe-glutathione kukusiza ukuthi unciphise ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative, futhi kungase kuthuthukise ukusebenza nempilo yobuchopho be-bipolar. Ukondleka okuthuthukisiwe okwenzeka ngokudla okwenziwe kahle kwe-ketogenic nakho kuthuthukisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-glutathione. Ngakho wanezela ibhonasi.

Izinhlobo ezimbili zama-ketones-β-hydroxybutyrate kanye ne-acetoacetate-zitholwe ukunciphisa amazinga e-ROS ku-mitochondria ye-neocortical engayodwa (Maalouf et al., 2007)

Uphenyo olwengeziwe luyadingeka ukuze kutholwe izindlela ezithile ze-KD ekucindezelekeni kwe-oxidative ngokusebenzisa amathonya ku-ROS namazinga e-antioxidant. Kungenzeka ukuthi imiphumela yokulwa nokuvuvukala kwemizimba ye-ketone ifinyelelwa ngokuthinta izindlela eziningi ze-biochemical.

Yu, B., Ozveren, R., & Dalai, SS (2021). Ukudla kwe-Ketogenic njengokwelashwa kwe-metabolic ye-bipolar disorder: ukuthuthukiswa komtholampilo.
I-DOI: 10.21203 / rs.3.rs-334453 / v2

Njengoba lesi sisho sikhuluma kahle, ukudla kwe-ketogenic kuthinta izindlela eziningi eziguqula ukucindezeleka okwenziwe nge-oxidative. Ngaphandle kwemizimba ye-ketone, impilo ye-neuronal ethuthukisiwe eyenzeka ngokudla okune-ketogenic, njengokukhuphuka kwe-BDNF, ama-neurotransmitters alinganiselayo angadali umonakalo we-neuronal (Ngikubhekile, i-glutamate ne-dopamine!), kanye nolwelwesi lwamaseli olusebenza ngokunempilo konke lwenza olwabo. ingxenye yokunciphisa ukucindezeleka okwenziwe nge-oxidative. Lokho kuthuthukisiwe kwe-membrane okungenzeka kanye nokusebenza, kanye nokudla okuthuthukisiwe kwezakhi ezivela ekudleni kwe-ketogenic okwenziwe kahle, kuthuthukisa ngempela ukukhiqizwa kwe-enzyme kanye ne-neurotransmitter, edlala indima ekulweni nokucindezeleka okwenziwe nge-oxidative.

Futhi usuvele uyazi futhi uyaqonda ukuthi ukudla kwe-ketogenic kulawula ukukhiqizwa kwe-mitochondria, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwabo, kodwa futhi kukhuthaze amangqamuzana obuchopho ukuthi enze okuningi. Futhi cabanga ukuthi ingqamuzana lobuchopho lingaphatha kangcono kangakanani i-ROS ngamangqamuzana amaningi anamandla amancane acula enza amandla. Lokhu kungase kube indlela lapho ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidate kunamandla okunciphisa kakhulu ebuchosheni be-bipolar.

Isiphetho

Manje njengoba usufundile imiphumela enamandla yokudla kwe-ketogenic ku-hypometabolism yobuchopho, ibhalansi ye-neurotransmitter, ukuvuvukala, nokucindezeleka okwenziwe nge-oxidative ngizokushiya nalesi sisho sixoxa nge-hypothesized yamanje ezungeze izinqubo zesifo esizibona ku-bipolar disorder.

I-pathophysiological hypothesis yalesi sifo iphakamisa ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-taht kuma-intracellular biochemical cascades, ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative kanye nokungasebenzi kahle kwe-mitochondrial konakalisa izinqubo ezixhumene ne-neuronal plasticity, okuholela ekulimaleni kwamangqamuzana nokulahlekelwa okulandelanayo kwezicubu zobuchopho ezikhonjwe ku-postmortem kanye neuroimaging.

Abancane, AH, & Juruena, MF (2020). I-Neurobiology ye-Bipolar Disorder. Ku I-Bipolar Disorder: Ukusuka ku-Neuroscience kuya ekwelashweni (amakhasi 1-20). Springer, Cham. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F7854_2020_179

Kuleli qophelo, ngizizwa ngiqiniseka ukuthi ungakwenza lokho kuxhumana futhi ube nokuqonda kangcono ukuthi ukudla okune-ketogenic kungaba kanjani ukwelashwa okunamandla kwe-bipolar disorder yakho noma okomuntu omthandayo.


Ngabe ngesaba ukubhala lokhu okuthunyelwe kubhulogi eminyakeni embalwa edlule, yize bekunemibiko eminingi engasho lutho evela kubantu ababika izimpawu ezithuthuke kakhulu nokusebenza. Ngijabule kakhulu ukubona ucwaningo olungaka lwenziwa.

Isizathu sokuthi ngizizwe ngiqiniseka ngokwengeziwe ngokubhala okuthunyelwe kwebhulogi njengalokhu ukuthi kukhona izifundo zecala ezibuyekezwe ngontanga ezibonisa ukukhululwa kwezimpawu ze-bipolar usebenzisa ukudla kwe-ketogenic kanye nama-RCT aqhubekayo ebheka ukudla kwe-ketogenic njengokwelashwa kwe-bipolar disorder. Kukhona ngisho nomsebenzi wabacwaningi abahlaziya kumazwana ezinkundleni lapho abantu abane-bipolar disorder bexoxa ngokusebenzisa ukudla kwe-ketogenic ukuze bazizwe bengcono (bona I-Ketosis kanye ne-bipolar disorder: isifundo sokuhlaziya esilawulwayo semibiko ye-inthanethi).

Kunethebula elihle kakhulu (Ithebula 1) esihlokweni sejenali Ukudla kwe-Ketogenic njengokwelashwa kwe-metabolic ye-bipolar disorder: ukuthuthukiswa komtholampilo lokho kuchaza kahle izindlela ukudla kwe-ketogenic kungasiza ekwelapheni i-bipolar disorder. Njengoba usanda kuthatha isikhathi sokufunda lesi sihloko, uzoqonda kangcono kakhulu ukuthi leli thebula likhuluma ngani! Ngiyidale kabusha lapha:

BD IzindlelaIzimpawu ze-BDImiphumela ye-KD engaba khona
Ukungasebenzi kahle kweMitochondrialUkuncipha kokukhiqizwa kwezinga lamandlaIdala i-mitochondrial biogenesis
Na/K
Ukulahlekelwa umsebenzi we-ATPase		Ukukhiqizwa kwe-ATP okukhubazekile nge-Oxidative phosphorylationinikeza enye indlela yokukhiqiza amandla nge-ketosis
Ukungasebenzi kwe-PDCAmazinga e-ATP angalawuleki ngenxa yokukhiqizwa kwe-glycolysis kuphelaInikeza enye indlela yokukhiqiza amandla nge-ketosis
Ukucindezeleka OxidativeUkwanda kwe-ROS okuholela ekulimaleni kwe-neuronalYehlisa amazinga e-ROS ngemizimba ye-ketone; Yandisa amazinga e-HDL e-cholesterol ye-neuroprotection
Umsebenzi we-MonoaminergicIzinguquko ekuziphatheni kanye nemizwelo ngenxa yokugxila okungalingani kwe-neurotransmitterIlawula ama-metabolites e-neurotransmitter ngemizimba ye-ketone naphakathi
I-DopamineUkwenyuka kokwenziwa kusebenze kwama-receptor okwenza izimpawu ze-maniaYehlisa i-dopamine metabolites
serotoninAmazinga ancishisiwe okudala izimpawu zokucindezelekaYehlisa i-serotonin metabolites
I-NorepinephrineAmazinga ancishisiwe okudala izimpawu zokucindezelekaAzikho izinguquko ezibalulekile ezibonwe ezifundweni zangaphambilini
GabaAmazinga ancishisiwe ahlobene nezimpawu zokucindezeleka kanye ne-maniaYandisa amazinga e-GABA
I-GlutamateUkwenyuka kwamaleveli okuholela ezidingweni zamandla ezingalawuleki kanye nokulimala kwezinzwaYehlisa amazinga e-glutamate
Ukungasebenzi / Ukuntuleka Kwe-enzyme ye-GSK-3I-Apoptosis kanye nokulimala kwe-neuronalKwandisa ama-antioxidants ukunikeza neuroprotection
(Ithebula 1) esihlokweni sejenali Ukudla kwe-Ketogenic njengokwelashwa kwe-metabolic ye-bipolar disorder: ukuthuthukiswa komtholampilo

Uma uthole lokhu okuthunyelwe kwebhulogi kuwusizo noma kuthakazelisa, ungase futhi ujabulele ukufunda ukuthi ukudla kwe-ketogenic kungadlala kanjani indima ekuguquleni ukubonakaliswa kofuzo.

Ingabe ukudla kwe-ketogenic kungaxhumanisa ithonya lofuzo lwe-bipolar disorder?

    Uma une-comorbidities nezinye iziyaluyalu, ungase ukuthole kuwusizo ukusesha kwami blog (ibha yokusesha ngezansi kwekhasi kumadeskithophu) futhi ubone ukuthi ukudla kwe-ketogenic kunemiphumela enenzuzo kulezo zinqubo zesifo futhi. Ezinye zezinto ezidume kakhulu ezingase zihambisane ne-bipolar disorder zihlanganisa:

    Ingabe i-keto ingakwazi ukwelapha ukudangala kwami ​​​​ngaphandle kwemithi?
    I-Ketogenic Diet Yelapha Utshwala
    Ukudla kwe-ketogenic kusiza kanjani ukuphazamiseka kokukhathazeka?

    Njengomsebenzi wezempilo yengqondo osiza abantu ukuthi baguqukele ekudleni kwe-ketogenic ngezinkinga zempilo yengqondo nemizwa, ngingakutshela ukuthi ngibona ukuthuthuka kaningi kulabo abangasebenzisa ukudla kwe-ketogenic ngokungaguquki. Futhi lelo iningi leziguli zami. Akuyona indlela yokwelapha engalawuleki ye-bipolar disorder noma okunye ukuphazamiseka engikwelaphayo ngisebenzisa ukudla kwe-ketogenic, i-psychotherapy, kanye nezinye izinqubo zokwelapha zengqondo ezinomsoco noma ezisebenzayo.

    Ungase ujabulele ukufunda isampula yami encane ye-Case Studies lapha. Kwamanye amaklayenti ami, kumayelana nokuzama okuthile ngaphandle kwemithi ukwelapha ukuphazamiseka kwawo kwe-bipolar. Kwabaningi, kumayelana nokunciphisa izimpawu ze-prodromal abaqhubeka nokuhlala nazo, futhi abaningi bahlala emthini owodwa noma eminingi. Ngokuvamile ngethamo eliphansi.

    Ungase futhi ujabulele lokhu okunye okuthunyelwe mayelana ne-bipolar disorder nokusebenzisa ukudla kwe-ketogenic lapha:

    Ingabe ukudla kwe-ketogenic kungaxhumanisa ithonya lofuzo lwe-bipolar disorder?
    Ingabe ngidinga usizo ngokwenza i-keto uma nginesifo sengqondo?
    Izinsiza Zezempilo Yengqondo Zokudla Kwe-Ketogenic

    Ungase uzuze ngokufunda ngohlelo lwami lwe-inthanethi engilusebenzisela ukufundisa abantu ukuthi bangashintshela kanjani ekudleni kwe-ketogenic, ukuhlaziywa kwe-nutrigenomic kanye nokuqeqeshwa kwezempilo okusebenzayo ukuze babe nobuchopho obunempilo ngangokunokwenzeka!

    Uhlelo Lokubuyisela Inkungu Yengqondo

    Uyakuthanda lokho okufunda kubhulogi? Ingabe ufuna ukufunda mayelana nama-webinars azayo, izifundo, ngisho nokunikezwa kosekelo oluzungezile nokusebenza nami ekufezeni imigomo yakho yokuphila kahle? Bhalisa ngezansi:

    Free Brain Nutrition Guide

    Okubhekwayo

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