Izidlo ze-Ketogenic ze-White Matter Disease
Isikhathi sokufunda esilinganiselwe: 8 imizuzu
Ubuchopho ngokuvamile benziwa grey matter kanye ne-white matter. I-grey matter ihlanganisa ingaphandle lobuchopho bethu, elibizwa ngokuthi i-cortex, okusho ukuthi amagxolo. Izinto ezimhlophe zingaphakathi kakhulu. Udaba olumhlophe luqukethe imicu yezinzwa exhuma izingxenye ezihlukene zobuchopho, futhi imbozwe emgodleni we-myelin. Lesi sigqoko esivikelayo sibonakala simhlophe ngoba sakhiwe amafutha kuphela, kanye nezinye izinhlobo ezimbalwa zama-molecule. Indima ye-White matter iwukuhambisa ulwazi futhi lususe ingxenye yobuchopho iye kwenye.
Isifo sobuchopho se-ischemic esingapheli, isifo se-CNS esincane sesitsha, i-leukoaraiosis, i-white matter hyperintensities, izilonda ezimhlophe, i-lacunar infarcts, isifo se-microvascular, noma isifo sesitsha esincane wonke amagama abhekisela entweni efanayo. Zonke ziyi-White Matter Diseases.
Yini ebangela i-White Matter Disease?
Isifo se-white matter sisho ukuthi imithambo yegazi ehlinzeka ngendaba emhlophe ivalekile, iphukile, noma ivuvukele ngaphansi kwengcindezi, okuholela ekungeneni komoyampilo owanele kanye ne-micronutrient kumaseli ezinzwa. Imithambo yegazi emincane iyafa, okunciphisa noma okuqeda ngokuphelele umthombo wamandla wamangqamuzana obuchopho ahlinzekwa yilowo mkhumbi wegazi. Isifo se-White matter yigama elibhekisela ekulimaleni okuqhubekayo engxenyeni ethile yobuchopho ebangelwa ukugeleza kwegazi okunciphile.
Ebuchosheni, lezi zinto zivame ukwenzeka ezikhaleni ze-periventricular, okuyisikhungo sobuchopho. Isizathu salokhu ukuthi imithambo yegazi kule ngxenye yobuchopho inobubanzi obuncane kakhulu, buncane njengomucu woboya. Ngakho-ke, ngisho nomonakalo omncane kule ndawo ungaholela ezinkingeni. Ukuvuvukala kubangela lo monakalo.
Yini ebangela i-neuroinflammation?
Ama-subsets asanda kutholwa asebenzayo e-microglia atholwe enomthelela ekuphenduleni kodaba olumhlophe ekuqaleni nokuqhubeka kwesifo se-CNS. I-Microglia ibonisa amaphethini amangqamuzana ahlukene kanye ne-morphology kuye ngohlobo lwesifo nendawo yobuchopho, ikakhulukazi endabeni emhlophe. Ezigabeni zakamuva zesifo, i-microglia esebenza ngokweqile ingaqhubekisela phambili ukuqhubekela phambili kwesifo ezifweni ezimhlophe ngemiphumela yazo ye-pro-inflammatory, oxidative, kanye ne-excitotoxic, ikhinyabeze ukulungiswa kwe-myelin kanye ne-neurodegeneration.
Ake ngenze isibonelo sokuthi lokhu kubukeka kanjani. Amanye ama-microglia afakwa phezu kwe-overdrive endaweni evuvukala kakhulu futhi aqale ukuncisha izinto okungafanele azenze. Baqala ukumunch (phagocytosis) amaseli nezakhiwo ezingakafi. Okunye kwalokho i-myelin entweni emhlophe. Futhi ukube sipholise amasosha omzimba, i-myelin eningi ngabe ilondoloziwe.
Uyazi ukuthi yini eyenza i-microglia ijabule, izolile, futhi isebenze? Ukudla kwe-ketogenic. Ucabanga ukuthi ngiyayilungisa le nto? Angi. Qhubeka ufunda.
Ukudla kwe-ketogenic kungasiza kanjani ukunciphisa i-neuroinflammation ebangela Izifo Ezimhlophe?
Kulolu cwaningo, abacwaningi bahlole imiphumela yokwelapha ye-ketogenic diet (KD) ekuziphatheni okufana nokucindezeleka kumamodeli wamagundane. Imiphumela yembula ukuthi ukudla kwe-ketogenic kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukuziphatha okufana nokucindezeleka. Babike ukuthi izimpawu kungenzeka zalamula ngokubuyiselwa kwe-microglial inflammatory activation kanye ne-neuronal excitability.
Sekukonke, sibonise imiphumela yokwelapha ye-KD ekuziphatheni okufana nokucindezeleka, okungenzeka ukuthi kulamula ngokubuyiselwa kokusebenza kokuvuvukala kwe-microglial kanye nokuthakasela kwe-neuronal.
U-Guan, YF, Huang, GB, Xu, MD, Gao, F., Lin, S., Huang, J., … & Sun, XD (2020). Imiphumela yokulwa nokucindezeleka kokudla kwe-ketogenic iqondiswa ngokubuyiselwa kwe-microglial activation kanye ne-neuronal excitability ku-habenula yangemuva. Ubuchopho, Ukuziphatha, Nokungavikeleki, 88, I-748-762. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.05.032
Kulolu cwaningo olulandelayo, abacwaningi babheke imiphumela yokuzivikela kanye ne-anti-inflammatory yokudla kwe-ketogenic kumodeli yegundane yesifo sika-Parkinson. Basebenzise i-neurotoxin ecekela phansi ama-neurons e-dopaminergic ku-substantia nigra, isifunda sobuchopho esibandakanyeka ekulawuleni ukunyakaza. Umphumela wokulimala kwala ma-neuron uholela ekungasebenzi kahle kwezimoto nezinye izimpawu ezifana nesifo sikaParkinson kubantu. Imiphumela yabonisa ukuthi lapho amagundane enikezwa ukudla kwe-ketogenic ngaphambi kokuvezwa ku-neurotoxin, izinkinga zabo zezimoto zaba ngcono. Ukudla futhi kusize ukuvikela amangqamuzana obuchopho anesibopho sokukhiqiza i-dopamine, evame ukulinyazwa isifo sikaParkinson. Ukudla kwe-ketogenic kunciphisa ukusebenza kwamangqamuzana athile omzimba omzimba (microglia) ebuchosheni futhi kwehlisa amazinga ama-molecule abangela ukuvuvukala (ama-cytokines angama-proinflammatory) endaweni ethintekile.
Idatha yabonisa ukuthi ukwelapha kusengaphambili nge-KD kwehlisa ukungasebenzi kahle kwezimoto okudalwe yi-MPTP (neurotoxin).
U-Yang, X., & Cheng, B. (2010). Imisebenzi ye-Neuroprotective ne-anti-inflammatory ye-ketogenic diet on MPTP-induced neurotoxicity. Ijenali ye-molecular neuroscience, 42, I-145-153. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12031-010-9336-y
Lokhu kubuyekezwa okuphelele okulandelayo kuhlolisisa izindlela zamangqamuzana ezilawula indlela i-microglia, amangqamuzana obuchopho okuzivikela omzimba, aziphatha ngayo ngezindlela ezihlukene. I-Microglia ingase ibe nezimo eziyingozi, ezibangela ukuvuvukala noma eziwusizo, izimo zokulwa nokuvuvukala ezivikela ubuchopho. Ukubuyekezwa futhi kuhlola ingcebo yedatha ye-preclinical, ephakamisa ukuthi ukulandela ukudla kwe-ketogenic (KD) kungaholela ochungechungeni lwezinguquko ezizuzisayo kumaseli we-microglial.
Lezi zinguquko zibonakala zisukela ekuvinjweni kwezindlela ebezingasunduza i-microglia iye ezimeni eziyingozi, ezikhuthaza ukuvuvukala. Ngokwenza kanjalo, ukudla kwe-ketogenic kungase kukhuthaze izimo eziwusizo, ezilwa nokuvuvukala ku-microglia, ezingase zizuze ekugcineni abantu abanezimo ezihlukahlukene zemizwa.
Ukwengeza, uhlu olubanzi lwedatha ye-preclinical lubonisa ukuthi ukulandela i-KD isethi ehleliwe yezinqubo zenzeka kumaseli amancane. Lezo zindlela zibonakala ziholela ekuvinjweni kwezindlela ezilawula ukutholwa nokugcinwa kwe-pro-inflammatory microglial states/phenotypes...
Morris, G., Puri, BK, Maes, M., Olive, L., Berk, M., & Carvalho, AF (2020). Indima ye-microglia ezinkingeni ze-neuroprogressive: izindlela kanye nemiphumela ye-neurotherapeutic engaba khona ye-ketosis eyenziwe. Inqubekela phambili ku-Neuro-Psychopharmacology kanye ne-Biological Psychiatry, 99, 109858. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.109858
Uxolo. Ingabe udinga obunye ubufakazi besayensi ukuze uzizwe uqiniseka? Ayikho inkinga. Ngikutholile! Kuthiwani ngalesi sihloko esilandelayo, Sinesihloko esithi, Indima Yokwelapha Ye-Ketogenic Diet in Neurological Disorders.
Lokhu kubuyekezwa kugcizelela ukuthi ukudla kwe-ketogenic kungase kunikeze izinzuzo zokwelapha ezigulini ezinezinkinga zezinzwa, ikakhulukazi ngokubhekana ne-neuroinflammation, isici esibalulekile esinomthelela kulezi zimo. Ngokuhlola izincwadi zesayensi, kuyacaca ukuthi ukudla okune-ketogenic kungase kube nomthelela hhayi kuphela kulezi zinkinga zemizwa kodwa futhi nempumelelo yokwelashwa kwazo. Ababhali basikisela ukuthi ukudla kwe-ketogenic kufanele kube yingxenye yokwelashwa kwalabo abanezinkinga zezinzwa.
Okwamanje, kubonakala sengathi i-KD inganikeza izinzuzo zokwelapha ezigulini ezinezinkinga zezinzwa ngokulawula ngokuphumelelayo ibhalansi phakathi kwezinqubo ze-pro- and antioxidant kanye nama-neurotransmitters e-pro-excitatory kanye ne-inhibitory, nokuguqula ukuvuvukala noma ukushintsha ukwakheka kwe-gut microbiome.
Pietrzak, D., Kasperek, K., Rękawek, P., & Piątkowska-Chmiel, I. (2022). Indima yokwelapha yokudla kwe-ketogenic ezinkingeni ze-neurological. Amakhemikhali, 14(9), i-1952. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14091952
Isiphetho
Ngakho-ke kungani umeluleki wezempilo yengqondo enesithakazelo ekubhaleni impilo yobuchopho nge-White Matter Disease futhi aqiniseke ukuthi uyazi ukuthi ukudla kwe-ketogenic kuwukwelashwa okungenzeka? Ngoba abanye benu (noma obathandayo) bayoba nemizwa, inkumbulo, kanye nezimpawu zokulinganisela eziza nezifo ezihlukahlukene ze-White Matter. Futhi uma zitholakala kusikeni, zizonikezwa izindlela zokwelapha ezingasebenzi.
Ukwelashwa kwamanje, njengoba ungacabanga, akukhuthazwa—ukwelapha ngokomzimba, ukwelapha umfutho wegazi ophakeme nesifo sikashukela, nokubuka i-cholesterol yakho. Ungafunda ngalezi zinketho zokwelapha ezivamile lapha:
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/23018-white-matter-disease
Mhlawumbe esikhundleni sokutshela abantu ukuthi bangakhathazeki ngomonakalo wezindaba ezimhlophe ezithathwa kuma-scans njengokuthi "ukuguga" futhi ungakhathazeki ngakho, singaba nezazi ze-neurologists zinikeze ukudla kwe-ketogenic.
Mhlawumbe isazi sezinzwa singachazela othile ukuthi ukudla okune-ketogenic, ngesikhathi esisodwa, kungamisa, kuphuze, noma kuhlehlise isifo sabo sezinto ezimhlophe ngokubhekana ngqo nokungasebenzi kahle kwe-metabolic kanye nesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni.
Kungani ukusebenza kwe-microglial kungaqondisiwe ngokudla kwe-ketogenic njengendlela yokwelapha engaba khona yokwelapha izifo ezimhlophe?
Njengoba ubona, ubufakazi besayensi sebukhona kakade.
Uma udinga usizo lokufunda ukuthi ungakusebenzisa kanjani ukudla okune-ketogenic kwesifo esimhlophe noma ezinye izindaba zemizwa, ungabuza mayelana nohlelo lwami lwe-inthanethi ngezansi:
Okubhekwayo
Alber, J., Alladi, S., Bae, H.-J., Barton, DA, Beckett, LA, Bell, JM, Berman, SE, Biesels, GJ, Black, SE, Bos, I., Bowman, GL , Brai, E., Brickman, AM, Callahan, BL, Corriveau, RA, Fossati, S., Gottesman, RF, Gustafson, DR, Hachinski, V., … Hainsworth, AH (2019). I-White matter hyperintensities ekunikeleni kwe-vascular ku-cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID): Izikhala zolwazi namathuba. I-Alzheimer's & Dementia: Ucwaningo Lokuhumusha Nokungenelela Komtholampilo, 5, 107-117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trci.2019.02.001
de Groot, M., Ikram, MA, Akoudad, S., Krestin, GP, Hofman, A., van der Lugt, A., Niessen, WJ, & Vernooij, MW (2015). Ukuwohloka kwento emhlophe eqondene nepheshana ekugugeni: The Rotterdam Study. I-Alzheimer's & Dementia, 11(3), i-321-330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2014.06.011
Guan, Y.-F., Huang, G.-B., Xu, M.-D., Gao, F., Lin, S., Huang, J., Wang, J., Li, Y.-Q ., Wu, C.-H., Yao, S., Wang, Y., Zhang, Y.-L., Teoh, J., Xuan, A., & Sun, X.-D. (2020). Imiphumela yokulwa nokucindezeleka kokudla kwe-ketogenic iqondiswa ngokubuyiselwa kwe-microglial activation kanye ne-neuronal excitability ku-habenula yangemuva. Ubuchopho, Ukuziphatha, Nokungavikeleki, 88, 748-762. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.05.032
NGIYANAKEKELA UBUCHOPHO BAKHO noDR. SULLIVAN (Umqondisi). (2022, Disemba 14). Izifo Ezimhlophe. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O1ahjr-8qjI
Morris, G., Puri, BK, Maes, M., Olive, L., Berk, M., & Carvalho, AF (2020). Indima ye-microglia ezinkingeni ze-neuroprogressive: Izindlela kanye nemiphumela ye-neurotherapeutic engaba khona ye-ketosis eyenziwe. Inqubekela phambili ku-Neuro-Psychopharmacology kanye ne-Biological Psychiatry, 99, 109858. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.109858
Pietrzak, D., Kasperek, K., Rękawek, P., & Piątkowska-Chmiel, I. (2022). Indima Yokwelapha Yokudla Kwe-Ketogenic Ezinkinga Zezinzwa. Amakhemikhali, 14(9), Isigaba 9. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14091952
Sweeney, MD, Montagne, A., Sagare, AP, Nation, DA, Schneider, LS, Chui, HC, Harrington, MG, Pa, J., Law, M., Wang, DJJ, Jacobs, RE, Doubal, FN , Ramirez, J., Black, SE, Nedergaard, M., Benveniste, H., Dichgans, M., Iadecola, C., Love, S., … Zlokovic, BV (2019). Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-Vascular-Umlingani onganakiwe wesifo i-Alzheimer's. I-Alzheimer's & Dementia, 15(1), i-158-167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2018.07.222
Wardlaw, JM, Smith, C., & Dichgans, M. (2019). Isifo semikhumbi emincane: Izindlela kanye nemiphumela yomtholampilo. I-Lancet Neurology, 18(7), i-684-696. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(19)30079-1
U-Yang, X., & Cheng, B. (2010). Imisebenzi ye-Neuroprotective ne-Anti-inflammatory ye-Ketogenic Diet ku-MPTP-induced Neurotoxicity. Ijenali ye-Molecular Neuroscience, 42(2), i-145-153. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12031-010-9336-y